First Annotated Genome of a Mandibulate Moth, Neomicropteryx cornuta, Generated Using PacBio HiFi Sequencing

Xuankun Li; Emily Ellis; David Plotkin; Yume Imada; Masaya Yago; Jacqueline Heckenhauer; Timothy P Cleland; Rebecca B Dikow; Torsten Dikow; Caroline G Storer; Akito Y Kawahara; Paul B Frandsen

doi:10.1093/gbe/evab229

First Annotated Genome of a Mandibulate Moth, Neomicropteryx cornuta, Generated Using PacBio HiFi Sequencing

Genome Biol Evol. 2021 Oct 1;13(10):evab229. doi: 10.1093/gbe/evab229.

Authors

Xuankun Li¹, Emily Ellis¹, David Plotkin¹, Yume Imada², Masaya Yago³, Jacqueline Heckenhauer^{4

5}, Timothy P Cleland⁶, Rebecca B Dikow⁷, Torsten Dikow⁸, Caroline G Storer¹, Akito Y Kawahara¹, Paul B Frandsen^{4

7

9}

Affiliations

¹ McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, USA.
² Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan.
³ The University Museum, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan.
⁴ LOEWE Centre for Translational Biodiversity Genomics (LOEWE-TBG), Frankfurt, Germany.
⁵ Department of Terrestrial Zoology, Entomology III, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.
⁶ Museum Conservation Institute, Smithsonian Institution, Suitland, Maryland, USA.
⁷ Data Science Lab, Office of the Chief Information Officer, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.
⁸ Department of Entomology, National Museum of Natural History (USNM), Smithsonian Institution, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.
⁹ Department of Plant and Wildlife Sciences, Brigham Young University, USA.

Abstract

We provide a new, annotated genome assembly of Neomicropteryx cornuta, a species of the so-called mandibulate archaic moths (Lepidoptera: Micropterigidae). These moths belong to a lineage that is thought to have split from all other Lepidoptera more than 300 Ma and are consequently vital to understanding the early evolution of superorder Amphiesmenoptera, which contains the order Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths) and its sister order Trichoptera (caddisflies). Using PacBio HiFi sequencing reads, we assembled a highly contiguous genome with a contig N50 of nearly 17 Mb. The assembled genome length of 541,115,538 bp is about half the length of the largest published Amphiesmenoptera genome (Limnephilus lunatus, Trichoptera) and double the length of the smallest (Papilio polytes, Lepidoptera). We find high recovery of universal single copy orthologs with 98.1% of BUSCO genes present and provide a genome annotation of 15,643 genes aided by resolved isoforms from PacBio IsoSeq data. This high-quality genome assembly provides an important resource for studying ecological and evolutionary transitions in the early evolution of Amphiesmenoptera.

Keywords: Amphiesmenoptera; HiFi; IsoSeq; Lepidoptera; Micropterigidae; PacBio.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Animals
Butterflies* / genetics
Genome
Insecta / genetics
Moths* / genetics
Sequence Analysis, DNA

Associated data

figshare/10.6084/m9.figshare.16775932