Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of unrelated umbilical cord blood stem cell transplantation (UCBT) with reduced-intensity conditioning regimens in the treatment of hyper-IgM syndrome (HIGM) caused by CD40 ligand gene (CD40LG) mutation. Methods: Clinical features, laboratory data and treatment prognosis of 3 patients with HIGM caused by CD40LG mutation treated with UCBT in Children's Hospital of Fudan University from May 2018 to August 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. The literature search was conducted with "CD40 ligand deficiency" and "hematopoietic stem cell transplantation" as keywords at China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, Weipu and Pubmed databases (up to February 2021) to summarize donor selection, stem cell source, conditioning regimen and prognostic factors of this disease. Results: Three boys with recurrent respiratory tract infection were diagnosed as HIGM with CD40LG mutation. The age of UCBT was 1.0, 1.4 and 0.5 years respectively. Reduced-intensity conditioning regimen including busulifan, fludarabine and cyclophosphamide were used in all patients. Human leucocyte antigen matching of patients and umbilical cord blood was 8/10, 10/10 and 9/10 respectively. All patients achieved complete donor chimerism 14 days after UCBT. All patient suffered grade Ⅰ acute skin graft-versus-host disease without other severe complications. Up to the last follow-up, their disease-free survival time were 33, 18, 18 months after transplantation respectively. No reports were found in Chinese journals, while 24 publications were found in English journals. According to the literature, 258 HIGM patients with CD40LG mutation were treated with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Matched sibling donors (30.6%(79/258)) and unrelated donors (40.3% (104/258)) were main donor types. Bone marrow (50.8%(131/258)) was the main source of grafts, myeloablative conditioning (66.7% (172/258)) was the main conditioning regimen, and the overall survival rate after transplantation was 70.9% (183/258). Lung injury and liver complications before transplantation were adverse factors affecting prognosis. Among the 14 patients who received UCBT, 2 patients suffered from engraftment failure, 2 patients had mixed chimerism and 3 patients died after transplantation. Conclusions: UCBT is safe and effective in the treatment of HIGM caused by CD40LG mutation. Reduced-intensity conditioning regimen is worthy of further study.
目的： 评价减低强度预处理非亲缘脐带血干细胞移植（UCBT）治疗CD40配体基因（CD40LG）突变引起的高IgM综合征（HIGM）的有效性及安全性。 方法： 回顾性分析2018年5月至2019年8月复旦大学附属儿科医院收治的由CD40LG突变引起的3例HIGM患儿的临床特征、实验室资料和UCBT治疗的预后。以“CD40配体基因”“造血干细胞移植”“CD40 ligand deficiency”“hematopoietic stem cell transplantation”为关键词在万方数据库、中国知网、维普数据库及PubMed数据库中检索建库至2021年2月的文献，总结该病的移植供者选择、干细胞来源、预处理方案及预后因素。 结果： 3例男性患儿均以反复呼吸道感染起病，基因检测均为CD40LG突变。3例患儿移植前年龄分别为1.0、1.4及0.5岁，均采用白消安、氟达拉滨及环磷酰胺的减低强度预处理方案。脐带血干细胞与患儿人类白细胞抗原相合度分别为8/10、10/10及9/10。3例患儿在移植后14 d均达到完全供者细胞嵌合，均发生了Ⅰ度皮肤急性移植物抗宿主病，无其他严重并发症发生。截至末次随访，3例患儿分别为移植后33、18及18个月，均无病生存。文献检索到中文文献0篇，英文文献24篇。文献报道共258例CD40LG突变的患儿行造血干细胞移植（HSCT）治疗，供者类型以同胞相合供者［30.6%（79/258）］及非亲缘相合供者［40.3%（104/258）］为主，干细胞来源以骨髓［50.8%（131/258）］为主，预处理方案以清髓性预处理［66.7%（172/258）］为主，移植后总体生存率为70.9%（183/258），移植前存在肺损伤、肝脏并发症是影响患儿预后的不良因素。14例UCBT患儿中2例植入失败、2例混合嵌合、3例移植后死亡。 结论： UCBT治疗CD40LG突变引起的HIGM安全有效，减低强度预处理方案值得进一步研究。.