Leveraging publicly available coronavirus data to identify new therapeutic targets for COVID-19

PLoS One. 2021 Sep 29;16(9):e0257965. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257965. eCollection 2021.

Abstract

Many important questions remain regarding severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), the viral pathogen responsible for COVID-19. These questions include the mechanisms explaining the high percentage of asymptomatic but highly infectious individuals, the wide variability in disease susceptibility, and the mechanisms of long-lasting debilitating effects. Bioinformatic analysis of four coronavirus datasets representing previous outbreaks (SARS-CoV-1 and MERS-CoV), as well as SARS-CoV-2, revealed evidence of diverse host factors that appear to be coopted to facilitate virus-induced suppression of interferon-induced innate immunity, promotion of viral replication and subversion and/or evasion of antiviral immune surveillance. These host factors merit further study given their postulated roles in COVID-19-induced loss of smell and brain, heart, vascular, lung, liver, and gut dysfunction.

MeSH terms

  • Antiviral Agents / therapeutic use
  • COVID-19 / epidemiology*
  • COVID-19 / metabolism
  • COVID-19 Drug Treatment*
  • Coronavirus Infections / epidemiology
  • Databases, Factual
  • Host-Pathogen Interactions
  • Humans
  • Immune Evasion / immunology
  • Immunity, Innate / immunology
  • Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus / drug effects
  • Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus / pathogenicity
  • SARS-CoV-2 / drug effects*
  • SARS-CoV-2 / pathogenicity
  • Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome / epidemiology
  • Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus / drug effects
  • Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus / pathogenicity
  • Virus Replication / drug effects

Substances

  • Antiviral Agents

Grants and funding

The authors received no specific funding for this work.