Ultrasensitive Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Antibody by Graphene Field-Effect Transistors

Hua Kang; Xuejun Wang; Mingquan Guo; Changhao Dai; Renzhong Chen; Lei Yang; Yanling Wu; Tianlei Ying; Zhaoqin Zhu; Dapeng Wei; Yunqi Liu; Dacheng Wei

doi:10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c00837

Ultrasensitive Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Antibody by Graphene Field-Effect Transistors

Nano Lett. 2021 Oct 13;21(19):7897-7904. doi: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c00837. Epub 2021 Sep 28.

Authors

Hua Kang^{1

2}, Xuejun Wang^{1

2}, Mingquan Guo³, Changhao Dai^{1

2}, Renzhong Chen^{1

2}, Lei Yang^{1

2}, Yanling Wu⁴, Tianlei Ying⁴, Zhaoqin Zhu³, Dapeng Wei⁵, Yunqi Liu^{2

6}, Dacheng Wei^{1

2

5}

Affiliations

¹ State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
² Institute of Molecular Materials and Devices, Department of Material Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
³ Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China.
⁴ MOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
⁵ Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China.
⁶ Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.

PMID: 34581586
DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c00837

Abstract

The fast spread of SARS-CoV-2 has severely threatened the public health. Establishing a sensitive method for SARS-CoV-2 detection is of great significance to contain the worldwide pandemic. Here, we develop a graphene field-effect transistor (g-FET) biosensor and realize ultrasensitive SARS-CoV-2 antibody detection with a limit of detection (LoD) down to 10^-18 M (equivalent to 10^-16 g mL^-1) level. The g-FETs are modified with spike S1 proteins, and the SARS-CoV-2 antibody biorecognition events occur in the vicinity of the graphene surface, yielding an LoD of ∼150 antibodies in 100 μL full serum, which is the lowest LoD value of antibody detection. The diagnoses time is down to 2 min for detecting clinical serum samples. As such, the g-FETs leverage rapid and precise SARS-CoV-2 screening and also hold great promise in prevention and control of other epidemic outbreaks in the future.

Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; antibody; biosensor; field-effect transistor; spike S1 protein.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Biosensing Techniques*
COVID-19*
Graphite*
Humans
Limit of Detection
SARS-CoV-2

Substances

Graphite