Under certain terrain and weather conditions, mountain-valley circulation is one of the main meteorological factors affecting aerosol pollution in plain-mountain area. Based on environmental monitoring data and multi-source meteorological data for the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region between 2015 and 2019, the characteristics, similarities, and differences of mountain-valley winds in the Beijing Plain and Yanhuai Basin regions were compared. The results show that the mountain-valley winds recorded at the Beijing Observatory are from southwest to northeast compared to from the southeast to northeast at Yanqing station. With the aggravation of pollution levels, the mountain-valley wind intensity decreased by 17.7%-32.4%. When the wind speed at Beijing Observatory was 2-6 m·s-1, the maximum PM2.5 concentration in southeast was 83 μg·m-3, which was higher than in the southwest. When the wind speed at the Yanqing station was 2-6 m·s-1, the PM2.5 concentrations in SE-SSE area was 20-40 μg·m-3 higher than in other directions, and the concentrations in the valley winds were 10-12 μg·m-3 higher than the average value for the last five years. Taking the typical heavy pollution event on March 5-8, 2015, as an example, the influence of mountain-valley winds is mainly reflected in the high humidity and regional transmission of southeast winds during the valley wind stage. The PM2.5 concentrations at the Yanqing station increased by 100-130 μg·m-3 during the valley wind stage on March 6 and 7, 2015. The inversion temperature developed to 1000 m during the mountain wind stage, the local dew point at the Beijing Observatory and the Yanqing station rose by approximately 18℃. The peak dew point at the Yanqing station occurring 2 hours after the Beijing Observatory, and the concentrations of PM2.5 rose slightly under high humidity conditions. Meanwhile, the thermal gradient between the 400-m-high Yanqing Station and Yudu Mountain gradually decreased, and the mountain-valley wind decreased by 8% and 6%, respectively. The weakening of local circulation may be related to the bidirectional feedback mechanism of the boundary layer and high concentrations of aerosols.
Keywords: Beijing plain; PM2.5; Yanqing; bidirectional feedback; boundary; mountain-valley wind.