Elevated Plasma Concentrations of Vitamin D-Binding Protein Are Associated with Lower High-Density Lipoprotein and Higher Fat Mass Index in Overweight and Obese Women

Leila Setayesh; Abbas Amini; Reza Bagheri; Nariman Moradi; Habib Yarizadeh; Omid Asbaghi; Krista Casazza; Mir Saeed Yekaninejad; Alexei Wong; Katsuhiko Suzuki; Khadijeh Mirzaei

doi:10.3390/nu13093223

Elevated Plasma Concentrations of Vitamin D-Binding Protein Are Associated with Lower High-Density Lipoprotein and Higher Fat Mass Index in Overweight and Obese Women

Nutrients. 2021 Sep 16;13(9):3223. doi: 10.3390/nu13093223.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417613151, Iran.
² Department of Mechanical Engineering, Australian College of Kuwait, Safat 13015, Kuwait.
³ Department of Exercise Physiology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 8174673441, Iran.
⁴ Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj 6617713446, Iran.
⁵ Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1416753955, Iran.
⁶ Marieb College of Health and Human Services, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, FL 33965, USA.
⁷ Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417613151, Iran.
⁸ Department of Health and Human Performance, Marymount University, Arlington, VA 22207, USA.
⁹ Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokyo 2-579-15, Japan.

Abstract

(1) Background: Observational studies have established that vitamin D-binding protein (DBP) and 25-hydroxyvitamin D₃ (25(OH)D) concentrations are the major factors affecting the bioavailability of 25(OH)D. It has also been shown that poor 25(OH)D bioavailability elevates the risk of obesity and its related cardio-metabolic disorders. However, the relationship between 25(OH)D and DBP concentrations with cardio-metabolic risk factors in overweight and obese cohorts has not been established. Consequently, we evaluated the association between DBP and 25(OH)D concentrations with lipid profile, blood pressure (BP), and body composition in overweight and obese women. (2) Methods: In this cross-sectional study of 236 overweight and obese women, DBP and 25(OH)D concentrations were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Body composition was assessed via bioelectrical impedance analysis. Lipid profile and BP were assessed by an auto-analyzer and digital BP monitor, respectively. The associations were examined by multivariate logistic regression. (3) Results: The indicated showed an inverse relationship between DBP and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (p = 0.010) concentrations (where individuals with higher DBP had lower HDL) which, after adjusting for possible cofounders, remained significant (p = 0.006). Moreover, DBP concentration was positively associated with fat mass index (FMI) after adjustment (p = 0.022). No significant relationships were observed among 25(OH)D and target variables. (4) Conclusions: In conclusion, lower concentrations of HDL and higher values of FMI are associated with higher concentrations of DBP in overweight and obese women. These findings present novel awareness regarding the association of DBP with some metabolic and body composition variables in overweight and obese women. However, a two-way causal relationship between DBP and target variables should be considered.

Keywords: 25(OH)D; adiposity marker; blood pressure; cardiovascular risk factors; lipid profile; obesity; vitamin D; vitamin D binding protein.

MeSH terms

Adolescent
Adult
Body Composition / physiology*
Female
Humans
Lipoproteins, HDL / blood*
Middle Aged
Overweight / blood*
Vitamin D-Binding Protein / blood*
Young Adult

Substances

Lipoproteins, HDL
Vitamin D-Binding Protein