Preparation and Ballistic Performance of a Multi-Layer Armor System Composed of Kevlar/Polyurea Composites and Shear Thickening Fluid (STF)-Filled Paper Honeycomb Panels

Chang-Pin Chang; Cheng-Hung Shih; Jhu-Lin You; Meng-Jey Youh; Yih-Ming Liu; Ming-Der Ger

doi:10.3390/polym13183080

Preparation and Ballistic Performance of a Multi-Layer Armor System Composed of Kevlar/Polyurea Composites and Shear Thickening Fluid (STF)-Filled Paper Honeycomb Panels

Polymers (Basel). 2021 Sep 13;13(18):3080. doi: 10.3390/polym13183080.

Authors

Chang-Pin Chang^{1

2}, Cheng-Hung Shih³, Jhu-Lin You^{1

2}, Meng-Jey Youh⁴, Yih-Ming Liu^{1

2}, Ming-Der Ger^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Chemical & Materials Engineering, Chung Cheng Institute of Technology, National Defense University, Taoyuan 335, Taiwan.
² System Engineering and Technology Program, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan.
³ Graduate School of Defense Science, Chung Cheng Institute of Technology, National Defense University, Taoyuan 335, Taiwan.
⁴ Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, Taishan, New Taipei City 243, Taiwan.

Abstract

In this study, the ballistic performance of armors composed of a polyurea elastomer/Kevlar fabric composite and a shear thickening fluid (STF) structure was investigated. The polyurea used was a reaction product of aromatic diphenylmethane isocyanate (A agent) and amine-terminated polyether resin (B agent). The A and B agents were diluted, mixed and brushed onto Kevlar fabric. After the reaction of A and B agents was complete, the polyurea/Kevlar composite was formed. STF structure was prepared through pouring the STF into a honeycomb paper panel. The ballistic tests were conducted with reference to NIJ 0101.06 Ballistic Test Specification Class II and Class IIIA, using 9 mm FMJ and 44 magnum bullets. The ballistic test results reveal that polyurea/Kevlar fabric composites offer better impact resistance than conventional Kevlar fabrics and a 2 mm STF structure could replace approximately 10 layers of Kevlar in a ballistic resistant layer. Our results also showed that a high-strength composite laminate using the best polyurea/Kevlar plates combined with the STF structure was more than 17% lighter and thinner than the conventional Kevlar laminate, indicating that the high-strength protective material developed in this study is superior to the traditional protective materials.

Keywords: ballistic performance; multi-layer armor; polyurea elastomers; shear thickening fluid.