Isolation and thermo-acclimation of thermophilic bacteria in hyperthermophilic fermentation system

Bioprocess Biosyst Eng. 2022 Jan;45(1):75-85. doi: 10.1007/s00449-021-02640-5. Epub 2021 Sep 25.

Abstract

Hyperthermophilic microorganisms play a key role in the hyper-thermophilic composting (HTC) technique. However, little information is available about the hyperthermophilic microorganisms prevalent in HTC systems, except for the Calditerricola satsumensis, Calditerricola yamamurae, and Thermaerobacter. To obtain effective hyper-thermophilic microorganisms, a continuous thermo-acclimation of the suitable thermophilic microorganisms was demonstrated in this study. Bacillus thermoamylovorans with high-temperature endurance (70 °C) were newly isolated from sludge composting, and an adequate slow heating rate (2 °C per cycle) was applied to further improve its thermostability. Finally, a strain with a maximum growth temperature of 80 °C was obtained. Moreover, structural and hydrophobic changes in cell proteins, the special amino acid content ratio, and the membrane permeability of the thermophilic bacterium after thermo-acclimation were evaluated for improved thermostability. In addition, the acclimated hyperthermophilic bacterium was further inoculated into the HTC system, and an excellent performance with a maximum operating temperature of 82 °C was observed.

Keywords: Hubs amino acids; Hyper-thermophiles; Maximum temperature; Thermo-acclimation; Thermostability.

MeSH terms

  • Archaea / physiology*
  • Bacterial Physiological Phenomena
  • Fermentation*
  • Hot Temperature