Influence in the outcome of neuropathic pediatric patients after early treatment

L Burgos Lucena; P López Pereira; M J Martínez Urrutia; R Lobato Romera; S Rivas Vila

doi:10.1016/j.acuro.2021.01.005

Influence in the outcome of neuropathic pediatric patients after early treatment

Actas Urol Esp (Engl Ed). 2021 Sep 22:S0210-4806(21)00139-X. doi: 10.1016/j.acuro.2021.01.005. Online ahead of print.

[Article in English, Spanish]

Authors

L Burgos Lucena¹, P López Pereira², M J Martínez Urrutia², R Lobato Romera², S Rivas Vila²

Affiliations

¹ Urología Pediátrica, Hospital Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, España. Electronic address: lauraburgos33@hotmail.com.
² Urología Pediátrica, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, España.

PMID: 34563387
DOI: 10.1016/j.acuro.2021.01.005

Abstract

Background: Clean intermittent catheterization (CIC) and anticholinergic drugs are the mainstay treatment for neuropathic bladder (NB). However, there is not consensus about the time therapy should be started in pediatric patients.

Aim: To analyze the impact of early start (first year of life) of CIC and anticholinergic treatment on long-term renal and bladder function. Our hypothesis is that those children who start conservative treatment in the first year of life have better outcome in terms of bladder and renal function and less need of surgical procedures, compared to those who started treatment later in life.

Patients and method: Retrospective study of pediatric patients with NB treated in our hospital (1995-2005) dividing them for comparison in two groups: group 1 started treatment in the first year of life and group 2 between 1 and 5 years old. Collected data included: date of CIC and anticholinergic initiation, presence of VUR or UHN, renal function, UTIs, renal scars, bladder behavior, surgery and urinary continence.

Results: Sixty-one patients were included, 25 in group 1 and 36 in group 2. Initially vesico-ureteral reflux (VUR) and overactive bladders were more frequent in group 2. In group 1 one overactive bladder changed to low compliant and in group 2, one normal bladder and 4 overactive bladders changed. At the end of follow-up there were 11 low compliant bladders in group 1 and 17 in group 2. However, in group 1, only 2 patients required bladder augmentation (BA) while in group 2, 12 patients needed it. At the end of the study only 2 patients in group 2 had slight renal insufficiency.

Conclusions: Patients who started conservative treatment in the first year of life have better long-term outcome in terms of UTI, renal scars and surgical procedures. Even if they initially had low compliant bladders, these patients require less BA.

Keywords: Ampliación vesical; Bladder augmentation; Cateterismo intermitente; Conservative treatment; Intermittent catheterisation; Neuropathic bladder; Paciente pediátrico; Pediatric patient; Tratamiento conservador; Vejiga neuropática.