Variability in Australian screening guidelines for developmental dysplasia of the hip

Abstract

Aim: To assess the variability in Australian screening guidelines for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH).

Methods: Ovid MEDLINE®, EMBASE, EMB Reviews-Cochrane, CINAHL, TRIP and grey literature were searched to identify screening guidelines for DDH. Key data items related to recommendations for timing and method of screening were extracted and summarised in a table format for qualitative analysis.

Results: Seventeen guidelines met inclusion criteria, comprising nine Australian DDH screening guidelines and eight Child Health Books. The guidelines showed variation in recommendations for the examiner, specific screening methods used for high-risk groups, timing of examinations and recommendations for referral.

Conclusions: Variability exists within Australian DDH screening guidelines. Lack of knowledge regarding local screening guidelines may contribute to the current trend of increased incidence of late diagnosed DDH in Australia, reported in New South Wales, South Australia, and Western Australia. An evidence-based and consistent approach to DDH screening is necessary to minimise late detected cases.

Keywords: congenital dislocation of the hip; developmental dysplasia of the hip; hip dysplasia; orthopaedics; screening guideline.