Adenoid cystic carcinoma and basaloid carcinoma of the breast: A clinicopathological study

Abstract

Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the breast (ACCB) is a rare triple negative tumor (TNT) with an excellent prognosis in most cases. Three different histologic types are recognized: classic ACCB, solid basaloid ACCB (SB-ACCB), and ACCB with high-grade transformation. A majority of these tumors show characteristic molecular and immunohistochemical (IHC) features, with fusion of MYB and NFIB genes and overexpression of MYB, respectively. Basaloid carcinomas of the breast (BCB) are infrequently described. They resemble SB-ACCB and TNT of no special type (TNT-NST). We have studied the clinicopathological features of 17 ACCB and 9 BCB, investigating the expression of MYB by IHC and the rearrangements of MYB by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). MYB was expressed by IHC in 15 ACCB and in 3 BCB. MYB FISH detected rearrangements in 11 ACCB and in 2 BCB. After a mean follow-up of 90 months, with a range of 12-204 months, 2 patients with ACCB with high-grade transformation and 1 patient with BCB developed metastases and died of disease. In summary, most ACCB have a good prognosis, but tumors with adverse histopathological features may metastasize. BCB may overlap with ACCB and TNT-NST, and their prognosis should be further studied.

Keywords: Breast basaloid carcinoma; Carcinoma adenoide quístico basaloide sólido; Carcinoma adenoide quístico de alto grado; Carcinoma adenoide quístico de mama; Carcinoma basaloide de mama; High-grade adenoid cystic carcinoma; Mammary adenoid cystic carcinoma; Solid basaloid adenoid cystic carcinoma.