Niobium carbide (MXene) reduces UHMWPE particle-induced osteolysis

Kuo-Yang Sun; Yizhang Wu; Jia Xu; Wenfang Xiong; Wei Xu; Jiawei Li; Ziying Sun; Zhongyang Lv; X S Wu; Qing Jiang; Hong-Ling Cai; Dongquan Shi

doi:10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.06.016

Niobium carbide (MXene) reduces UHMWPE particle-induced osteolysis

Bioact Mater. 2021 Jul 1:8:435-448. doi: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.06.016. eCollection 2022 Feb.

Authors

Kuo-Yang Sun¹, Yizhang Wu², Jia Xu³, Wenfang Xiong⁴, Wei Xu², Jiawei Li¹, Ziying Sun¹, Zhongyang Lv¹, X S Wu², Qing Jiang¹, Hong-Ling Cai², Dongquan Shi¹

Affiliations

¹ State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, PR China.
² Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.
³ Drum Tower of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, PR China.
⁴ Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, PR China.

Abstract

Joint replacement surgery is one of the orthopedic surgeries with high successful rates; however, wear debris generated from prostheses can ultimately lead to periprosthetic osteolysis and failure of the implant. The implant-derived particulate debris such as ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) can initiate the local immune response and recruit monocytic cells to phagocytose particles for generating reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS induces osteoclastogenesis and macrophages to secrete cytokines which ultimately promote the development of osteolysis. In this work, we develop the few-layered Nb₂C (FNC) as an antioxidant which possesses the feature of decreasing the production of cytokines and inhibiting osteoclastogenesis by its ROS adsorption. Moreover, local injection of FNC attenuates the UHMWPE-induced osteolysis in a mouse calvarial model. In sum, our results suggest that FNC can be used for treating osteolytic bone disease caused by excessive osteoclastogenesis.

Keywords: MXene; Niobium carbide; Osteoclastogenesis; Periprosthetic osteolysis; Reactive oxygen species (ROS).