Chemical Analysis and Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity of Essential oils from Artemisia negrei L. against Drug-Resistant Microbes

Khalid Chebbac; Abdelfattah El Moussaoui; Mohammed Bourhia; Ahmad Mohammad Salamatullah; Abdulhakeem Alzahrani; Raja Guemmouh

doi:10.1155/2021/5902851

Chemical Analysis and Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity of Essential oils from Artemisia negrei L. against Drug-Resistant Microbes

Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2021 Sep 7:2021:5902851. doi: 10.1155/2021/5902851. eCollection 2021.

Authors

Khalid Chebbac¹, Abdelfattah El Moussaoui², Mohammed Bourhia³, Ahmad Mohammad Salamatullah⁴, Abdulhakeem Alzahrani⁴, Raja Guemmouh¹

Affiliations

¹ Laboratory of Biotechnology Conservation and Valorisation of Natural Resources, Faculty of Sciences Dhar ElMahraz, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdallah University, Fez, Morocco.
² Laboratory of Biotechnology, Environment, Agri-food, and Health, University of Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Faculty of Sciences Dhar ElMahraz, Fez, Morocco.
³ Laboratory of Chemistry-Biochemistry, Environment, Nutrition, and Health, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University, Casablanca, B.P 5696, Casablanca, Morocco.
⁴ Department of Food Science & Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.

Abstract

Background: Artemisia negrei L. (A. negrei) is a medicinal and aromatic plant belonging to the family Asteraceae that is more widespread in the folded Middle Atlas Mountains, Morocco.

Materials and methods: This study was run to investigate the phytochemical composition and antioxidant, antibacterial, and antifungal activities of Artemisia negrei L. essential oil. This oil was extracted from the fresh plant material by using the Clevenger apparatus. The phytochemical composition was characterized by GC-MS. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using different methods including DPPH, β-carotene bleaching, and total antioxidant capacity. The antibacterial activity was tested vs. multidrug-resistant bacteria including both Gram-negative and Gram-positive using inhibition zones in agar media and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) bioassays. The antifungal activity was conducted on Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, and Fusarium oxysporum using a solid medium assay.

Results: The chromatographic characterization of essential oils of A. negrei revealed the presence of 34 compounds constituting 99.91% of the total essential oil. The latter was found to have promising antioxidant activity by all bioassays used such as DPPH, β-carotene bleaching, and total antioxidant capacity. The results obtained showed that our plant oils had potent antibacterial activity towards Gram-negative (E. coli 57, E. coli 97, K. pneumonia, and P. aeruginosa) and Gram-positive (S. aureus), so that the maximum inhibition zones and MIC values were around 18-37 mm and 3.25 to 12.5 mg/mL, respectively. The oil also showed antifungal activity towards Candida albicans, Fusarium oxysporum, and Aspergillus Niger except for flavus species.

Conclusion: The findings obtained in the work showed that A. negrei can serve as a valuable source of natural compounds that can be used as a new weapon to fight radical damage and resistant microbes.