Hospitalization and mortality from COVID-19 of patients with rheumatic inflammatory diseases in Andalusia

Reumatol Clin (Engl Ed). 2022 Aug-Sep;18(7):422-428. doi: 10.1016/j.reumae.2021.02.006. Epub 2021 Sep 9.

Abstract

Objective: To describe whether rheumatic inflammatory diseases (RID) are associated with a higher risk of hospitalization and/or mortality from COVID-19 and identify the factors associated with hospitalization and mortality in RID and COVID-19 in different Hospitals in Andalusia.

Methods: Design: Multicentre observational case-COntrol study.

Patients: RID and COVID-19 from different centres in Andalusia.

Controls: patients without RIS matched by sex, age and CRP-COVID. Protocol A list of patients with PCR for COVID-19 was requested from the microbiology service from March 14 to April 14, 2020. The patients who had RID were identified and then consecutively a paired control for each case. Variables The main outcome variable was hospital admission and mortality from COVID-19. Statistical analysis Bivariate followed by binary logistic regression models (DV: mortality/hospital admission).

Results: One hundred and fifty-six patients were included, 78 with RID and COVID-19 and 78 without RID with COVID-19. The patients did not present characteristics of COVID-19 disease different from the general population, nor did they present higher hospital admission or mortality. The factor associated with mortality in patients with RID was advanced age (OR [95% CI], 1.1 [1.0-1.2]; P= .025), while the factors associated with hospitalization were advanced age (OR [95% CI], 1.1 [1.0-1.1]; P = .007) and hypertension (OR [95% CI], 3.9 [1.5-6.7]; P = .003).

Conclusion: Mortality and hospital admission due to COVID-19 do not seem to increase in RID. Advanced age was associated with mortality in RID and, in addition, HTN was associated with hospital admission.

Objetivo: Describir si las enfermedades inflamatorias reumáticas (EIR) se asocian con mayor riesgo de hospitalización y/o mortalidad por COVID-19 e identificar los factores asociados a la hospitalización y mortalidad en EIR y COVID-19 en diferentes hospitales de Andalucía.

Métodos: Diseño: Estudio multicéntrico observacional de casos y controles. Pacientes Casos: EIR y COVID-19 de diferentes centros de Andalucía. Controles: pacientes sin EIR pareados por sexo, edad y PCR-COVID.

Protocolo Se solicitó al Servicio de Microbiología un listado de pacientes con PCR para COVID-19 desde 14 de marzo al 14 de abril de 2020. Se identificaron los pacientes que tuvieran EIR y luego consecutivamente un control pareado para cada caso.

Variables La variable de desenlace principal fue ingreso hospitalario y mortalidad por COVID-19.

Análisis estadístico Bivariante seguida de modelos de regresión logística binaria (variable dependiente: mortalidad/ingreso hospitalario).

Resultados: Se incluyeron 156 pacientes con COVID-19, 78 con EIR y 78 sin EIR. Los pacientes con EIR no presentaron características de la enfermedad COVID-19 diferentes a la población general, tampoco mayor ingreso hospitalario ni mortalidad. El factor asociado con mortalidad en los pacientes con EIR fue edad (OR [IC 95%], 1,1 [1,0–1,2]; p = 0,025), mientras que los factores asociados con ingreso hospitalario fueron edad (OR [IC 95%], 1,1 [1,1–1,2]; p = 0,007) e hipertensión arterial (OR [IC 95%], 3,9 [1,5–6,7]; p = 0,003).

Conclusión: La mortalidad y el ingreso hospitalario por COVID-19 no parecen aumentados en las EIR. La edad se asoció con mortalidad en EIR y, además, la hipertensión arterial se asoció con ingreso hospitalario.

Keywords: COVID-19; Enfermedad inflamatoria reumática; Hospitalización; Hospitalization; Mortalidad; Mortality; Rheumatic inflammatory disease.

MeSH terms

  • COVID-19*
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Comorbidity
  • Hospitalization
  • Humans
  • Hypertension* / epidemiology
  • Rheumatic Diseases* / complications
  • Rheumatic Diseases* / epidemiology
  • Risk Factors
  • SARS-CoV-2