Characterization and photodegradation pathway of the leachate of Matuail sanitary landfill site, Dhaka South City Corporation, Bangladesh

Sumaiya Akter; Mashura Shammi; Yeasmin Nahar Jolly; Abid Azad Sakib; Md Mostafizur Rahman; Shafi M Tareq

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07924

Characterization and photodegradation pathway of the leachate of Matuail sanitary landfill site, Dhaka South City Corporation, Bangladesh

Heliyon. 2021 Sep 3;7(9):e07924. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07924. eCollection 2021 Sep.

Authors

Sumaiya Akter¹, Mashura Shammi¹, Yeasmin Nahar Jolly², Abid Azad Sakib¹, Md Mostafizur Rahman³, Shafi M Tareq¹

Affiliations

¹ Hydrobiogeochemistry and Pollution Control Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh.
² Atmospheric and Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Division, Atomic Energy Centre, P.O. Box 164, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh.
³ Department of Environmental Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh.

Abstract

This study was carried out to characterize the biogeochemical and physicochemical properties of landfill leachate from Matuail Sanitary landfill site, Dhaka, Bangladesh. In addition, the study also aimed to identify the photodegradation of landfill leachate under natural sunlight. The leachate pH was slightly alkaline (7.87-8.07) with a minimum level of dissolved oxygen, and low BOD₅/COD ratio that are indicators of the matured methanogenic phase. Ca, Fe, Br, Rb, Cu was present in a considerable amount. A trace amount of Sr, Co, As, Pb, Cr was found in the leachate sample. Fourier Transform - infrared (FTIR) spectra of all three samples had five major peak regions notably at 3440-3450 cm^-1 (O-H groups of water), 1638 cm^-1 (C=O Amide I, carboxylates C=C, aromatic ring modes, or alkenes), 1385-1390 cm^-1 (deformation of the C-H bond in CH₂ and CH₃, or the asymmetric stretching of COO¯), 1115 cm^-1 (stretching of the C-O bond in phenol ethers and phenols) and 605 cm^-1 (S-O bends of sulfates). In addition to the appearance of new peak, peak shifting on the 2^nd-day and 5^th-day phototreatment are in compliance with the 34% TOC reduction. From analyzing three-dimensional excitation/emission (3D-EEM) spectra of the raw sample pyrene-like or humic-like peak A (Ex 255/Em 465), soil fulvic-like peak M_p (Ex 315/Em 450), and humic-like peak C (Ex 370/Em 455) was found indicating more humified characteristics of the mature landfill site. From 1-hour to 6-hours phototreatment, all three substances slightly lost fluorescence intensity. From the 2^nd day to the 5^th day of photo-treatment, two unknown photo-product was identified within Ex 210/Em 457 and Ex 205/Em 408 at peak A region. Fluorescence intensity lost was 65% for peak A and 44% for peak C. Soil fulvic-like peak M_p was absent on the 5^th day of photo-treatment.

Keywords: Elemental concentration; Fluorescence dissolved organic matter (FDOM); Landfill leachate; Matuail landfill; Photodegradation; X-ray fluorescence (XRF).