ULNet for the detection of coronavirus (COVID-19) from chest X-ray images

Abstract

Novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease that spreads very rapidly and threatens the health of billions of people worldwide. With the number of cases increasing rapidly, most countries are facing the problem of a shortage of testing kits and resources, and it is necessary to use other diagnostic methods as an alternative to these test kits. In this paper, we propose a convolutional neural network (CNN) model (ULNet) to detect COVID-19 using chest X-ray images. The proposed architecture is constructed by adding a new downsampling side, skip connections and fully connected layers on the basis of U-net. Because the shape of the network is similar to UL, it is named ULNet. This model is trained and tested on a publicly available Kaggle dataset (consisting of a combination of 219 COVID-19, 1314 normal and 1345 viral pneumonia chest X-ray images), including binary classification (COVID-19 vs. Normal) and multiclass classification (COVID-19 vs. Normal vs. Viral Pneumonia). The accuracy of the proposed model in the detection of COVID-19 in the binary-class and multiclass tasks is 99.53% and 95.35%, respectively. Based on these promising results, this method is expected to help doctors diagnose and detect COVID-19. Overall, our ULNet provides a quick method for identifying patients with COVID-19, which is conducive to the control of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Keywords: COVID-19; Chest X-ray images; Classification; Deep learning; ULNet.