Structural, optical and microwave dielectric properties of Ba(Ti1-xSnx)4O9, 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.7 ceramics

Abstract

Sn-doped BaTi₄O₉ (BT4) dielectric ceramics were prepared by a mixed oxide route. Preliminary X-ray diffraction (XRD) structural study shows that the ceramic samples have orthorhombic symmetry with space group (Pnmm). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) shows that the grain size of the samples decreases with an increase in Sn⁴⁺ content. The presence of the metal oxide efficient group was revealed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The photoluminescence spectra of the ceramic samples reported red color ~ 603, 604, 606.5 and 605 nm with excitation energy ~ 2.06, 2.05, 2.04 and 2.05 eV for Sn⁴⁺ content with x = 0.0, 0.3, 0.5, and 0.7, respectively. The microwave dielectric properties of these ceramic samples were investigated by an impedance analyzer. The excellent microwave dielectric properties i.e. high dielectric constant (ε_r = 57.29), high-quality factor (Q_f = 11,852), or low-dielectric loss (3.007) has been observed.