The aim of this work is to use IIoT technology and advanced data processing to promote integration strategies between these elements to achieve a better understanding of the processing of information and thus increase the integrability of the human-machine binomial, enabling appropriate management strategies. Therefore, the major objective of this paper is to evaluate how human-machine integration helps to explain the variability associated with value creation processes. It will be carried out through an action research methodology in two different case studies covering different sectors and having different complexity levels. By covering cases from different sectors and involving different value stream architectures, with different levels of human influence and organisational requirements, it will be possible to assess the transparency increases reached as well as the benefits of analysing processes with higher level of integration between them.
Keywords: Industry 4.0; JIDOKA; Operator 4.0; integration explaining variability; process variability.