Nitric oxide release and related light-induced cytotoxicity of ruthenium nitrosyls with coordinated nicotinate derivatives

Dalton Trans. 2021 Oct 5;50(38):13516-13527. doi: 10.1039/d1dt02190g.

Abstract

The synthetic approaches for the preparation of trans(NO,OH)-cis(NO2,NO2)-[RuNO(L)2(NO2)2OH], where L = ethyl nicotinate (I) and methyl nicotinate (II), are reported. The structures of the complexes are characterized by X-ray diffraction and analyzed by Hirshfeld surface analysis. Both compounds show a nitric oxide release reaction under 445 or 532 nm irradiation of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solutions, which is studied by combined ultraviolet-visible- (UV-vis), infrared- (IR), and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The charge transfer from the OH-Ru-NO chain and nitrite ligands to the antibonding orbitals of Ru-NO is responsible for the photo-cleavage of the ruthenium-nitrosyl bond. The elimination of NO leads to a side reaction, namely the protonation of the parent hydroxyl compound. The cytotoxicity and photo-induced cytotoxicity investigations of both compounds on the breast adenocarcinoma cell line MCF-7 reveal that (I) and (II) are cytotoxic with IC50 values of 27.5 ± 2.8 μM and 23.3 ± 0.3 μM, respectively. Moreover, (I) shows an increase of the toxicity after light irradiation by 7 times (IC50 = 4.1 ± 0.1), which makes it a prominent target for deeper biological investigations.

MeSH terms

  • Cell Survival / drug effects
  • Cell Survival / radiation effects
  • Coordination Complexes / chemistry*
  • Coordination Complexes / pharmacology
  • Crystallography, X-Ray
  • Density Functional Theory
  • Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy
  • Humans
  • Light*
  • MCF-7 Cells
  • Molecular Conformation
  • Niacin / chemistry*
  • Nitric Oxide / chemistry
  • Nitric Oxide / metabolism*
  • Ruthenium / chemistry*

Substances

  • Coordination Complexes
  • Niacin
  • Nitric Oxide
  • Ruthenium