Visible-Light-Induced Selective Photolysis of Phosphonium Iodide Salts for Monofluoromethylations

Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2021 Nov 22;60(48):25477-25484. doi: 10.1002/anie.202111006. Epub 2021 Oct 22.

Abstract

The sigma (σ)-hole effect has emerged as a promising tool to construct novel architectures endowed with new properties. A simple yet effective strategy for the generation of monofluoromethyl radicals is a continuing challenge within the synthetic community. Fluoromethylphosphonium salts are easily available, air- and thermally stable, as well as simple-to-handle. Herein, we report the ability of the σ-hole effect to facilitate the visible-light-triggered photolysis of phosphonium iodide salts, a charge-transfer complex, selectively giving fluoromethyl radicals. The usefulness and versatility of this new protocol are demonstrated through the mono-, di-, and trifluoromethylation of a variety of alkenes.

Keywords: charge transfer complexes; fluoromethyl radicals; phosphonium salts; photolysis; σ-hole effect.