T cell-mediated autoimmunity in immune thrombocytopenia

Eur J Haematol. 2022 Jan;108(1):18-27. doi: 10.1111/ejh.13705. Epub 2021 Sep 29.

Abstract

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by a low platelet count and an increased risk of bleeding. In addition to anti-platelet autoantibodies, CD8+ T cells have been implicated as a mechanism of platelet destruction. The current evidence for the existence of platelet-specific CD8+ T cells in ITP is inconclusive. The purpose of this review is to summarize the studies that investigated CD8+ T cells in ITP and to review the methods that have been used to detect autoreactive CD8+ T cells in other autoimmune diseases.

Keywords: CD8+ T cells; autoantibodies; autoimmunity; immune thrombocytopenia; platelets.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Apoptosis / genetics
  • Apoptosis / immunology
  • Autoantibodies / immunology
  • Autoantigens / immunology
  • Autoimmunity*
  • Biomarkers
  • Blood Platelets / immunology
  • Blood Platelets / metabolism
  • CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / immunology
  • CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / metabolism
  • Cytotoxicity, Immunologic
  • Disease Management
  • Disease Susceptibility* / immunology
  • Gene Expression Regulation
  • Genes, MHC Class I
  • Humans
  • Lymphocyte Activation / immunology
  • Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic / diagnosis
  • Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic / etiology*
  • Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic / therapy
  • T-Lymphocytes / immunology*
  • T-Lymphocytes / metabolism

Substances

  • Autoantibodies
  • Autoantigens
  • Biomarkers