Cognitive Deficits in Type-1 Diabetes: Aspects of Glucose, Cerebrovascular and Amyloid Involvement

Pharm Res. 2021 Sep;38(9):1477-1484. doi: 10.1007/s11095-021-03100-1. Epub 2021 Sep 3.

Abstract

The evidence shows that individuals with type-1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) are at greater risk of accelerated cognitive impairment and dementia. Although, to date the mechanisms are largely unknown. An emerging body of literature indicates that dysfunction of cerebral neurovascular network and plasma dyshomeostasis of soluble amyloid-β in association with impaired lipid metabolism are central to the onset and progression of cognitive deficits and dementia. However, the latter has not been extensively considered in T1DM. Therefore, in this review, we summarised the literature concerning altered lipid metabolism and cerebrovascular function in T1DM as an implication for potential pathways leading to cognitive decline and dementia.

Keywords: amyloid-beta; cerebrovascular dysfunction; hyperglycemia; type 1 diabetes.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Amyloid
  • Animals
  • Cerebrovascular Disorders / metabolism*
  • Cerebrovascular Disorders / pathology*
  • Cognitive Dysfunction / metabolism*
  • Cognitive Dysfunction / pathology*
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / metabolism*
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / pathology*
  • Glucose / metabolism*
  • Humans
  • Lipid Metabolism / physiology

Substances

  • Amyloid
  • Glucose