Optimal Homotopic Exploration of Features of Cattaneo-Christov Model in Second Grade Nanofluid Flow via Darcy-Forchheimer Medium Subject to Viscous Dissipation and Thermal Radiation

Abstract

Introduction: In this article, Optimal Homotopy Analysis Method (oHAM) is used for the exploration of the features of the Cattaneo-Christov model in viscous and chemically reactive nanofluid flow through a porous medium with stretching velocity at the solid/sheet surface and free stream velocity at the free surface.

Methods: The two important aspects, Brownian motion and Thermophoresis, are considered. Thermal radiation is also included in the present model. Based on the heat and mass flux, the Cattaneo- Christov model is implemented on the Temperature and Concentration distributions. The governing Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) are converted into Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs) using similarity transformations. The results are achieved using the optimal homotopy analysis method (oHAM). The optimal convergence and residual errors have been calculated to preserve the validity of the model.

Results: The results are plotted graphically to see the variations in three main profiles. i.e. momentum, temperature and concentration profile.

Conclusion: The outcomes indicate that skin friction enhances due to the implementation of the Darcy medium. It is also noted that the relaxation time parameter results in enhancement of the temperature distribution. Thermal radiation enhances the temperature distribution and so is the case with skin friction.

Keywords: Forchheimer medium; cattaneo-christov model; nanofluid; oHAM; stretching surface; viscous dissipation.