Mo2C/C catalyst as efficient peroxymonosulfate activator for carbamazepine degradation

Yujie Bao; Ting Chen; Zhiliang Zhu; Hua Zhang; Yanling Qiu; Daqiang Yin

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132047

Mo₂C/C catalyst as efficient peroxymonosulfate activator for carbamazepine degradation

Chemosphere. 2022 Jan;287(Pt 1):132047. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132047. Epub 2021 Aug 27.

Authors

Yujie Bao¹, Ting Chen¹, Zhiliang Zhu², Hua Zhang³, Yanling Qiu⁴, Daqiang Yin⁴

Affiliations

¹ State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Safety, Shanghai, 200092, China.
² State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Safety, Shanghai, 200092, China. Electronic address: zzl@tongji.edu.cn.
³ State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
⁴ Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Safety, Shanghai, 200092, China.

PMID: 34474388
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132047

Abstract

Compared with generally reported Mo⁴⁺/Mo⁶⁺ redox cycle, the exposed Mo²⁺ active sites of Mo-based materials may have a superior potential to effectively activate PMS. However, Mo²⁺-involved materials as efficient catalysts in sulfate radical-based advanced oxidation processes (SR-AOPs) has rarely been researched. In this work, a spherical Mo₂C-loaded carbon material, Mo₂C/C, was prepared for the first time by hydrothermal-calcination method directly used as peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activator towards carbamazepine (CBZ) degradation. The results showed that the Mo₂C/C could effectively remove nearly 100% CBZ (5 mg·L^-1) in the presence of 0.75 mM PMS within 75 min under the optimal conditions. It was attributed to the reductive Mo²⁺, as active sites, benefits to absorb PMS on the surface to trigger electron transmission, and the defective carbon structures accelerate the activation of PMS. Consequently, the efficient Mo²⁺/Mo⁴⁺/Mo⁶⁺ electron transfer was achieved, resulting in excellent catalysis. A series of reactive species including SO₄^-, OH and ¹O₂ species participated in CBZ oxidation degradation. Derived from the superior stability and reusability of Mo₂C/C, the removal rate of CBZ still maintained above 80% even after five consecutive cycles, which is expected to be applied in the wastewater treatment including pharmaceuticals in the future.

Keywords: Advanced oxidation processes; Carbamazepine; Molybdenum carbide; Peroxymonosulfate activation; Water purification.

MeSH terms

Carbamazepine
Catalysis
Peroxides*
Water Purification*

Substances

Peroxides
peroxymonosulfate
Carbamazepine