% We show that codimension one distributions with at most isolated singularities on certain smooth projective threefolds with Picard rank one have stable tangent sheaves. The ideas in the proof of this fact are then applied to the characterization of certain irreducible components of the moduli space of stable rank 2 reflexive sheaves on $\p3$, and to the construction of stable rank 2 reflexive sheaves with prescribed Chern classes on general threefolds. We also prove that if $\sG$ is a subfoliation of a codimension one distribution $\sF$ with isolated singularities, then $\sing(\sG)$ is a curve. As a consequence, we give a criterion to decide whether $\sG$ is globally given as the intersection of $\sF$ with another codimension one distribution. Turning our attention to codimension one distributions with non isolated singularities, we determine the number of connected components of the pure 1-dimensional component of the singular scheme.