Synergistic effects of graphene quantum dots and carbodiimide in promoting resin-dentin bond durability

Wendy Chen; Huimin Jin; Heng Zhang; Leping Wu; Guoqing Chen; Hui Shao; Shengrui Wang; Xiaoxue He; Shunli Zheng; Chris Ying Cao; Quan-Li Li

doi:10.1016/j.dental.2021.07.004

Synergistic effects of graphene quantum dots and carbodiimide in promoting resin-dentin bond durability

Dent Mater. 2021 Oct;37(10):1498-1510. doi: 10.1016/j.dental.2021.07.004. Epub 2021 Aug 28.

Authors

Wendy Chen¹, Huimin Jin², Heng Zhang³, Leping Wu⁴, Guoqing Chen⁵, Hui Shao⁶, Shengrui Wang⁷, Xiaoxue He⁸, Shunli Zheng⁹, Chris Ying Cao¹⁰, Quan-Li Li¹¹

Affiliations

¹ Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China. Electronic address: cwdwendy@126.com.
² Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China. Electronic address: JHMXNYX@163.com.
³ Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China. Electronic address: zhg970101@126.com.
⁴ Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China. Electronic address: Leping_Wu@126.com.
⁵ Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China. Electronic address: geson2006@163.com.
⁶ Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China. Electronic address: Hui_Shao666@126.com.
⁷ Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China. Electronic address: wsr741806312@163.com.
⁸ Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China. Electronic address: he2210251@126.com.
⁹ Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China. Electronic address: zhengshunli1986@126.com.
¹⁰ Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China. Electronic address: caoying0713@gmail.com.
¹¹ Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China. Electronic address: ql-li@126.com.

PMID: 34465445
DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2021.07.004

Abstract

Objective: Resin-based dental adhesion is mostly utilized in minimally invasive operative dentistry. However, improving the durability and stability of resin-dentin bond interfaces remain a challenge. Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) reinforced by 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC) were introduced to modify the resin-dentin bond interfaces, thereby promoting their durability and stability.

Methods: GQDs, EDC, and EDC+GQDs groups were designed to evaluate the effects of GQDs and EDC on collagenase activity, the interaction of GQDs with collagen, and the resin-dentin interface. First, the effects of GQDs and EDC on collagenase activity was evaluated by Collagenase (EC 3.4.24.3) reacting with its substrate. The interaction of GQDs and EDC with collagen were evaluated by cross-linking degree analysis, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and enzymatic hydrolysis. Second, the acid-etched and rinse adhesive system was used to evaluate the resin-dentin bond on the basis of microtensile bond strength, in situ zymography and fluorescence confocal laser scanning microscopy.

Results: GQDs could inhibit collagenase activity. GQDs with the aid of EDC could cross-link collagen via covalent bonds and improve the anti-enzymatic hydrolysis of collagen. In the resin-dentin adhesion model, the μTBS of the EDC+GQDs group was significantly higher than the other control groups after thermocycling. The addition of EDC to GQDs could inhibit matrix metalloproteinase activity and promote the integrity of the bonding interfaces after thermocycling.

Significance: This study presents a novel strategy to modify the resin-dentin interface and provides a new application for GQDs. This strategy has the potential to improve the durability of resin-based restoration in dentistry.

Keywords: Collagen; Cross-linking; Dentin adhesion; Graphene quantum dots; Hybrid layer; Matrix metalloproteinases.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Carbodiimides
Dental Bonding*
Dentin
Dentin-Bonding Agents
Graphite*
Materials Testing
Quantum Dots*
Resin Cements
Tensile Strength

Substances

Carbodiimides
Dentin-Bonding Agents
Resin Cements
Graphite