Visible light photocatalysts from low-grade iron ore: the environmentally benign production of magnetite/carbon (Fe3O4/C) nanocomposites

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2022 Jan;29(5):6698-6709. doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-15972-2. Epub 2021 Aug 30.

Abstract

Magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles coated with dextrose and gluconic acid possessing both super-paramagnetism and excellent optical properties have been productively synthesized through a straightforward, efficient and cost-efficient hydrothermal reduction route using Fe3+ as sole metal precursor acquired from accumulated iron ore tailings-a mining waste that usually represents a major environmental threat. Fe3O4/C nanocomposites were fully elucidated by FEGSEM and TEM, revealing a combination of platelets (<1 μm) capped by particles (<10 nm) and magnetite which was verified by XPS, which demonstrated also oxygen deficiency. A dextrose/gluconic acid coating was elucidated by Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The Fe3O4/C nanocomposites were found to be superparamagnetic at room temperature. Meanwhile, their optical properties were investigated by UV-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-vis DRS) and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy; an Eg of 1.86 eV was determined, and emissions at 612 and 650 nm (ex. 250 nm) were consistent with the XPS identification of oxygen vacancies. The efficacy of the as-synthesized magnetically recoverable magnetite/carbon (Fe3O4/C) nanocomposites has been exhibited in the photocatalytic degradation of the toxic textile (industrial) dye bodactive red BNC-BS.

Keywords: Iron ore tailings; Magnetic properties; Magnetite/carbon nanocomposites; Optical properties; Photocatalysis; Selective leaching.

MeSH terms

  • Carbon
  • Catalysis
  • Ferrosoferric Oxide*
  • Iron
  • Light
  • Nanocomposites*
  • Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared

Substances

  • Carbon
  • Iron
  • Ferrosoferric Oxide