Given the lack of a gold standard, the clinical usefulness of Comprehensive Genomic Profiling (CGP) has not been established. This systematic review aimed to evaluate evidence about the clinical benefit of CGP for patients with Non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). All controlled studies that evaluated the ability of CGP to detect actionable targets (ATs) reported increases in the number of samples with ATs. The frequency of ATs detected in uncontrolled case series ranged from 0.7 % for RET mutations to 45 % for EGFR mutations. The studies that evaluated therapies targeted to EGFR, ALK, ROS-1, MET, and RET mutations documented significant improvement in clinical outcomes. This review suggests that CGP tests may be clinically helpful for treating patients with NSCLC. Although current evidence is associated with a high risk of bias, the significant impact of NSCLC on individuals and society may justify the routine use of CGP testing for this disease.
Keywords: Companion diagnostics; Next-generation sequencing; Personalized oncology.
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