How necessary are animal models for modern drug discovery?

Affiliations

• ¹ Division of Radioprotectants, Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA.
• ² Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA.
• ³ Tech Micro Services, Bethesda, MD, USA.