A New Disease Concept in the Age of Processed Foods-Phosphorus-Burden Disease; including CKD-MBD Concrete Analysis and the Way to Solution

Nutrients. 2021 Aug 21;13(8):2874. doi: 10.3390/nu13082874.

Abstract

In 2012, the Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy (JSDT) established the order of correction of P, corrected Ca (cCa), and whole PTH (w-PTH) in the treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease-Metabolic Bone Disorder (CKD-MBD) as P-first. However, there is no report that analyzes whether this rule is in line with reality and what the adequate rate of P is. Therefore, we analyzed the test values of our 48 patients during the year of 2019 and examined the validity of the results. The results showed that the adequate range rates were 70.8% for P, 100% for cCa, and 89.6% for w-PTH. This result is better than the JSDT Web-based Analysis of Dialysis Data Archives (WADDA) P adequacy rate of 66.2%. Although the guideline is P-first, it is often the case that we cannot reach the adequate level; therefore, healthcare professionals and patients often blame each other. We believe that this is due to the mismatch between the modern era of processed foods covered with P additives and treatment methods (P intake restriction and P-binders). The development of processed foods with P additives has brought light and darkness to mankind. The light side is freedom from starvation, and the dark side is a new condition caused by P burden: P burden disease including CKD-MBD.

Keywords: CKD–MBD; fibroblast growth factor 23(FGF23); phosphorus absorption inhibitor; phosphorus additives; phosphorus binders; phosphorus burden; processed foods; sodium-hydrogen exchanger 3 inhibitor (NaHE3 Inhibitor).

MeSH terms

  • Biomarkers / blood
  • Calcimimetic Agents / therapeutic use
  • Calcium / blood
  • Chelating Agents / therapeutic use
  • Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder / blood
  • Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder / diagnosis
  • Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder / etiology*
  • Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder / therapy
  • Fibroblast Growth Factor-23
  • Food Additives / adverse effects*
  • Food Handling*
  • Humans
  • Parathyroid Hormone / blood
  • Phosphorus Compounds / adverse effects*
  • Phosphorus Compounds / blood
  • Phosphorus, Dietary / adverse effects*
  • Phosphorus, Dietary / blood
  • Prognosis
  • Renal Dialysis
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Factors

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • Calcimimetic Agents
  • Chelating Agents
  • FGF23 protein, human
  • Food Additives
  • PTH protein, human
  • Parathyroid Hormone
  • Phosphorus Compounds
  • Phosphorus, Dietary
  • Fibroblast Growth Factor-23
  • Calcium