Abstract
Galectin-3 is a lectin that binds beta-galactosides. It is involved in cardiac remodeling and fibrosis through the activation of macrophages and fibroblasts. ST2 is secreted by myocardial cells due to cardiac overload. These two biomarkers have been traditionally studied in the field of heart failure to guide medical therapy and detect the progression of the disease. Nevertheless, there are novel evidences that connect galectin-3 and ST2 with coronary heart disease and, specifically, with atrial fibrillation. The aim of this article is to concisely review the diagnostic and prognostic role of galectin-3 and ST2 in different cardiac diseases.
Keywords:
ST2; biomarkers; cardiology; galectin-3.
MeSH terms
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Atrial Fibrillation / blood*
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Atrial Fibrillation / diagnosis
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Atrial Fibrillation / mortality
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Atrial Fibrillation / pathology
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Biomarkers / blood
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Blood Proteins
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Coronary Disease / blood*
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Coronary Disease / diagnosis
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Coronary Disease / mortality
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Coronary Disease / pathology
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Disease Progression
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Fibroblasts / metabolism
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Fibroblasts / pathology
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Galectins / blood*
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Heart
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Heart Failure / blood*
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Heart Failure / diagnosis
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Heart Failure / mortality
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Heart Failure / pathology
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Humans
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Interleukin-1 Receptor-Like 1 Protein / blood*
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Macrophages / metabolism
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Macrophages / pathology
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Myocardial Ischemia / blood*
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Myocardial Ischemia / diagnosis
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Myocardial Ischemia / mortality
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Myocardial Ischemia / pathology
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Natriuretic Peptide, Brain / blood
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Peptide Fragments / blood
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Prognosis
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Survival Analysis
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Troponin / blood
Substances
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Biomarkers
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Blood Proteins
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Galectins
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IL1RL1 protein, human
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Interleukin-1 Receptor-Like 1 Protein
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LGALS3 protein, human
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Peptide Fragments
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Troponin
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pro-brain natriuretic peptide (1-76)
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Natriuretic Peptide, Brain