Strategies toward Discovery of Potent and Orally Bioavailable Proteolysis Targeting Chimera Degraders of Androgen Receptor for the Treatment of Prostate Cancer

J Med Chem. 2021 Sep 9;64(17):12831-12854. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00882. Epub 2021 Aug 25.

Abstract

Proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) small-molecule degraders have emerged as a promising new type of therapeutic agents, but the design of PROTAC degraders with excellent oral pharmacokinetics is a major challenge. In this study, we present our strategies toward the discovery of highly potent PROTAC degraders of androgen receptor (AR) with excellent oral pharmacokinetics. Employing thalidomide to recruit cereblon/cullin 4A E3 ligase and through the rigidification of the linker, we discovered highly potent AR degraders with good oral pharmacokinetic properties in mice with ARD-2128 being the best compound. ARD-2128 achieves 67% oral bioavailability in mice, effectively reduces AR protein and suppresses AR-regulated genes in tumor tissues with oral administration, leading to the effective inhibition of tumor growth in mice without signs of toxicity. This study supports the development of an orally active PROTAC AR degrader for the treatment of prostate cancer and provides insights and guidance into the design of orally active PROTAC degraders.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Oral
  • Androgen Receptor Antagonists / chemistry
  • Androgen Receptor Antagonists / pharmacokinetics
  • Androgen Receptor Antagonists / pharmacology*
  • Animals
  • Antineoplastic Agents / chemistry
  • Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacokinetics
  • Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacology*
  • Area Under Curve
  • Biological Availability
  • Drug Delivery Systems*
  • Drug Discovery
  • Half-Life
  • Humans
  • Injections, Intravenous
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Microsomes, Liver / metabolism
  • Molecular Structure
  • Prostatic Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Receptors, Androgen / metabolism*
  • Structure-Activity Relationship
  • Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

Substances

  • Androgen Receptor Antagonists
  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Receptors, Androgen