School Safety Among Sexual and Gender Minority Adolescents: Implications for Eating and Weight Control Behaviors

J Sch Health. 2021 Oct;91(10):788-795. doi: 10.1111/josh.13069. Epub 2021 Aug 24.

Abstract

Background: Unhealthy weight control and disordered eating behaviors are prevalent among adolescents who identify as a gender and/or sexual minority (SGM). The current study examined how perceptions of school safety contribute to reduced negative weight control and eating behaviors across adolescents with diverse sexual and gender identities.

Methods: Data on perceptions of school safety, as well as negative weight control and disordered eating behaviors (ie, binge eating, eating to cope), were drawn from a large national sample of SGM secondary school students (ie, grades 7-12; N = 17,112; LGBTQ National Teen Survey).

Results: Differences in negative weight control and disordered eating behaviors emerged as a function of gender identity and sexual orientation. School safety was significantly associated with fewer negative weight control behaviors (B = -0.30, p < .001), reduced binge eating (B = -0.19, p < .001), and less eating to cope (B = -0.21, p < .001). Despite slight variation in the strength of these associations, the protective effects of school safety were significant across sexual and gender identities.

Conclusions: Findings suggest that efforts to support feelings of school safety among SGM students are likely to have positive implications for eating and weight-related behaviors, and emphasize the need for interventions to promote climates of safety and inclusion within the school setting.

Keywords: adolescence; eating behaviors; school safety; sexual and gender minority; unhealthy weight control.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Feeding and Eating Disorders* / epidemiology
  • Feeding and Eating Disorders* / prevention & control
  • Female
  • Gender Identity
  • Health Behavior
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Schools
  • Sexual Behavior
  • Sexual and Gender Minorities*