A review on Saudi Arabian wastewater treatment facilities and available disinfection methods: Implications to SARS-CoV-2 control

Hadil M Alahdal; Sami AlYahya; Fuad Ameen; Hana Sonbol; Mohammad N Alomary

doi:10.1016/j.jksus.2021.101574

A review on Saudi Arabian wastewater treatment facilities and available disinfection methods: Implications to SARS-CoV-2 control

J King Saud Univ Sci. 2021 Oct;33(7):101574. doi: 10.1016/j.jksus.2021.101574. Epub 2021 Aug 17.

Authors

Hadil M Alahdal¹, Sami AlYahya², Fuad Ameen³, Hana Sonbol¹, Mohammad N Alomary²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
² National Center for Biotechnology, King Abdulaziz City for Science & Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
³ Department of Botany & Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.

Abstract

COVID-19 pandemic has severe impacts on human health and economy worldwide. Aerosols and droplets are the major routes of transmission of SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus causing COVID-19 disease. However, wastewater is a possible transmission pathway. Therefore, many studies have been published about the relation of wastewater and COVID-19 disease. Many studies have shown the presence of viral RNA in wastewater throughout the world recently. Therefore, research on wastewater treatments and disinfection methods are needed. Communities must make sure that the virus is not transmitted via treated wastewater. This review focuses on the Saudi Arabian wastewater treatment and disinfection techniques to assess the possibility of SARS-CoV-2 transmission through wastewaters. In view of the current pandemic situation, the wide analysis of wastewater treatments in Saudi Arabia is needed. The review gives guidelines to develop the wastewater treatment in Saudi Arabia.

Keywords: Detection; Epidemiology; SARS-CoV-2; Saudi Arabia; Waste water.

Publication types

Review