Does myeloma genetic have an effect on stem cell mobilization?

Abstract

Background: Autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) after induction treatment is the standard of care. Our understanding of myeloma genetics has been very limited and its effect to stem cell mobilization is not widely investigated. We aimed to investigate the effect of genetic abnormalities on stem cell mobilization in myeloma.

Methods: The data of 150 MM patients who underwent stem cell mobilization at our center between 2009-2020 were included and analyzed retrospectively. Pre-treatment bone marrow cytogenetics and fluorescence in situ hybridization tests were performed for each patient.

Results: Groups were divided into two as patients with normal cytogenetic and abnormal cytogenetic. No difference observed between groups regarding age, gender and ECOG (p = 0.4; p = 0.2; p = 0.3). Groups were similar concerning myeloma characteristics, received treatment and treatment response. Median CD34+ cells/kg harvested was 444(2-11.29) in normal cytogenetic group whereas it was 4,8(2.4-8.6) in abnormal cytogenetic group(p = 0.2). Optimal CD34+ cells level achievement was 73 (67 %) in normal cytogenetic group while it was 25(71.4 %) in abnormal cytogenetic group(p = 0.6). Neutrophil and platelet engraftment durations were similar among cytogenetic groups (p = 0.7; p = 0.9). R-ISS based groups were also did not differ regarding harvested CD34+ cells and achievement optimal CD34 level (p = 0.79, p = 0.74). Engraftment durations for neutrophil and platelet were comparable between R-ISS based groups (p = 0.59, p = 0.65) CONCLUSIONS: Here we were not able to find any impact of genetic abnormalities on stem cell mobilization in myeloma patients. Expanded studies can aid to identify the effect of particular genetic anomalies on the stem cell mobilization.

Keywords: Cytogenetic; Engraftment; FISH; Myeloma; Stem cell mobilization.