Feasibility study on quantification and authentication of the cassava starch content in wheat flour for bread-making using NIR spectroscopy and digital images

Ellen Souza de Almeida Duarte; Valber Elias de Almeida; Gean Bezerra da Costa; Mário César Ugulino de Araújo; Germano Véras; Paulo Henrique Gonçalves Dias Diniz; David Douglas de Sousa Fernandes

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130843

Feasibility study on quantification and authentication of the cassava starch content in wheat flour for bread-making using NIR spectroscopy and digital images

Food Chem. 2022 Jan 30:368:130843. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130843. Epub 2021 Aug 12.

Authors

Ellen Souza de Almeida Duarte¹, Valber Elias de Almeida², Gean Bezerra da Costa¹, Mário César Ugulino de Araújo², Germano Véras¹, Paulo Henrique Gonçalves Dias Diniz³, David Douglas de Sousa Fernandes⁴

Affiliations

¹ Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Departamento de Química, Zip Code 58.429-500, Campina Grande, PB, Brazil.
² Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Departamento de Química, P.O. Box 5093, CEP 58.051-970, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil.
³ Universidade Federal do Oeste da Bahia, Campus Reitor Edgard Santos, Núcleo de Química, Rua Bertioga, 892, Bairro Morada Nobre I, CEP 47.810-059, Barreiras, BA, Brazil.
⁴ Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Departamento de Química, P.O. Box 5093, CEP 58.051-970, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil. Electronic address: david.douglas@cnpq.br.

PMID: 34418692
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130843

Abstract

This works proposed a feasibility study on NIR spectroscopy and chemometrics-assisted color histogram-based analytical systems (CACHAS) to determine and authenticate the cassava starch content in wheat flour. Prediction results of partial least squares (PLS) achieved coefficient of correlation (r_pred) of 0.977 and root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) of 1.826 mg kg^-1 for the certified additive-free wheat flour, while r_pred of 0.995 and RMSEP of 1.004 mg kg^-1 were obtained for the commercial wheat flour containing chemical additives. Additionally, Data-Driven Soft Independent Modelling of Class Analogy (dd-SIMCA) presented similar predictive ability using NIR and CACHAS for the certified wheat flour, authenticating all target samples, besides correctly recognizing samples that could represent a fraud. No satisfactory results were obtained for the commercial wheat flour. Therefore, NIR spectroscopy is more useful to offer definitive quantitative and qualitative analysis, while CACHAS can only provide an alternative preliminary analysis.

Keywords: Color histograms; Manihot esculenta; Multivariate calibration; Pattern recognition; Triticum spp.; Vibrational spectroscopy.

MeSH terms

Bread
Feasibility Studies
Flour* / analysis
Least-Squares Analysis
Manihot*
Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared
Starch
Triticum

Substances

Starch