A comparative analysis of molecular genetic phenotypes of mucous membrane cells in five anatomical regions of the colon in a group of healthy donors was conducted by comparing mRNA expression profiles of 62 genes involved in the regulation of vital cellular function. We used 181 biopsy samples of morphologically unchanged colonic mucosa, obtained from the colon (ascending, transverse-colon, descending, sigmoid) and rectum sections during prophylactic colonoscopy of 58 donors with no colon pathology. The mRNA levels for 62 genes involved in the regulation of apoptosis, proliferation, transcription, differentiation, cell-cell adhesion, and immune response were assessed by RT-PCR. Statistically significant differences were found for the molecular phenotypes of five sections of the colon. The results of the study can serve as a basis for creating a reference database (values of expression profiles), developing methods of differential diagnostics and screening of various pathologies of the colon.
Proveden sravnitel'nyĭ analiz molekuliarno-geneticheskikh fenotipov kletok slizistoĭ obolochki v piati anatomicheskikh otdelakh tolstoĭ kishki v gruppe uslovno zdorovykh donorov. Profili ékspressii mRNK 62 genov, uchastvuiushchikh v reguliatsii zhiznenno vazhnykh kletochnykh funktsiĭ, issledovali v biopsiĭnom materiale morfologicheski neizmenennoĭ slizistoĭ obolochki tolstoĭ kishki 181 obraztsa, poluchennogo iz osnovnykh otdelov obodochnoĭ (voskhodiashchaia, poperechno-obodochnaia, niskhodiashchaia, sigmovidnaia) i priamoĭ kishki v khode profilakticheskoĭ kolonoskopii 58 donorov, u kotorykh otsutstvovala patologiia tolstoĭ kishki. Ékspressiiu mRNK 62 genov, reguliruiushchikh apoptoz, proliferatsiiu, transkriptsiiu, differentsirovku, mezhkletochnuiu adgeziiu i immunnyĭ otvet, otsenivali metodom OT-PTsR. Ustanovleny statisticheski znachimye otlichiia molekuliarnykh fenotipov piati otdelov tolstoĭ kishki. Rezul'taty provedennogo issledovaniia mogut sluzhit' osnovaniem dlia sozdaniia referensnoĭ bazy dannykh (znacheniĭ ékspressionnykh profileĭ), razrabotki metodov differentsial'noĭ diagnostiki i skrininga razlichnykh patologiĭ tolstoĭ kishki.
Keywords: RT-PCR; colon; gene expression; mRNA; unchanged colon mucosa.