Analysis of Bleeding Site to Identify Associated Risk Factors of Intractable Epistaxis

Zhenpeng Liao; Jianling Guo; Jiaoping Mi; Wei Liao; Shulin Chen; Yili Huang; Yingxiang Xu; Jun Zhang; Qintai Yang; Haiyu Hong

doi:10.2147/TCRM.S301706

Analysis of Bleeding Site to Identify Associated Risk Factors of Intractable Epistaxis

Ther Clin Risk Manag. 2021 Aug 12:17:817-822. doi: 10.2147/TCRM.S301706. eCollection 2021.

Authors

Zhenpeng Liao^#¹, Jianling Guo^#¹, Jiaoping Mi^#¹, Wei Liao¹, Shulin Chen¹, Yili Huang¹, Yingxiang Xu¹, Jun Zhang¹, Qintai Yang², Haiyu Hong¹

Affiliations

¹ Allergy Center, Department of Otolaryngology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, People's Republic of China.
² Department of Otolaryngology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.

^# Contributed equally.

Abstract

Introduction: Intractable epistaxis refers to deep occult bleeding and uncontrolled persistent bleeding. Effective treatment can only be implemented if the bleeding site is quickly identified and the underlying disease controlled.

Objective: The relationship between the bleeding site and the pathogenic factors of intractable epistaxis was analyzed to further strengthen the prevention and treatment of intractable epistaxis by outpatient doctors, family doctors and otolaryngologists. Through accurate search and minimally invasive hemostasis, it helped optimize the treatment plan for intractable epistaxis.

Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 90 patients with intractable epistaxis who were admitted to hospital from January 2016 to December 2017. Chi-square test was used to analyze the relationship between intractable epistaxis site with underlying disease, gender and age.

Results: The distribution of intractable epistaxis was associated with hypertension (χ ²=13.76, P=0.017). The incidence of hypertension was the highest in the olfactory sulcus of the middle turbinate region at about 60%. In addition, age was also identified as a factor that affects the distribution of intractable epistaxis (χ ²=21.95, P=0.02). The incidence of intractable epistaxis on the vault of inferiornasal meatus region was highest (63%) in young patients. On the other hand, the olfactory sulcus of the middle turbinate region accounted for the highest incidence in the middle-aged and elderly group (66.7%). There was no obvious relation between the bleeding site of intractable epistaxis with diabetes, cardiovascular disease, chronic sinusitis and allergic rhinitis.

Conclusion: The bleeding site of intractable epistaxis is related to hypertension and age. This may improve the identification of the site of intractable epistaxis for timely implementation of treatment and can further strengthen the prevention and treatment of intractable epistaxis in outpatients or family doctors.

Keywords: age; bleeding site; hypertension; intractable epistaxis.