Chlorhexidine-alcohol versus povidone-iodine as preoperative skin antisepsis for prevention of surgical site infection in cesarean delivery-a pilot randomized control trial

Trials. 2021 Aug 17;22(1):540. doi: 10.1186/s13063-021-05490-4.

Abstract

Objectives: To compare the efficacy of chlorhexidine-alcohol and povidone-iodine as preoperative antiseptic skin preparation for prevention of surgical site infection (SSI) after cesarean delivery (CD).

Materials and methods: A total of 311 eligible women who underwent CS were recruited in the study after fulfilling all the eligibility and exclusion criteria. Patients were randomized into two groups (153 in chlorhexidine-alcohol group and 158 in povidone-iodine group) by a computer-generated randomization table. Patients were followed for a period of 30 days in postoperative period to monitor for SSI.

Results: The rate of SSI in the chlorhexidine-alcohol group is 5.4% and that of the povidone-iodine group is 8.6%. E. coli, K. pneumoniae, and Acinetobacter baumannii were the most common organisms isolated. E. coli was found in 9.5% of the total SSI cases.

Conclusions: The study found that the patients who received chlorhexidine-alcohol as skin antiseptic had less chance of developing SSI than those who received povidone-iodine; however, it did not reach a statistical significance.

Trial registration: Clinical Trials Registry of India CTRI/2018/05/014294 . Registered on May 31, 2018.

Keywords: Antiseptic; Betadine; Cesarean section; Chlorhexidine–alcohol; Surgical site infection.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

  • Anti-Infective Agents, Local* / adverse effects
  • Antisepsis
  • Chlorhexidine / adverse effects
  • Escherichia coli
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Pilot Projects
  • Povidone-Iodine* / adverse effects
  • Pregnancy
  • Preoperative Care
  • Surgical Wound Infection / diagnosis
  • Surgical Wound Infection / prevention & control

Substances

  • Anti-Infective Agents, Local
  • Povidone-Iodine
  • Chlorhexidine