Sulfur-doped carbon dots@polydopamine-functionalized magnetic silver nanocubes for dual-modality detection of norovirus

Ojodomo J Achadu; Fuyuki Abe; Farzana Hossain; Fahmida Nasrin; Masahito Yamazaki; Tetsuro Suzuki; Enoch Y Park

doi:10.1016/j.bios.2021.113540

Sulfur-doped carbon dots@polydopamine-functionalized magnetic silver nanocubes for dual-modality detection of norovirus

Biosens Bioelectron. 2021 Dec 1:193:113540. doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113540. Epub 2021 Aug 3.

Authors

Ojodomo J Achadu¹, Fuyuki Abe², Farzana Hossain³, Fahmida Nasrin⁴, Masahito Yamazaki⁵, Tetsuro Suzuki⁶, Enoch Y Park⁷

Affiliations

¹ Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan. Electronic address: ojodomo.john.achadu@shizuoka.ac.jp.
² Department of Microbiology, Shizuoka Institute of Environment and Hygiene, 232-1, Yainaba, Fujieda, 426-0083, Japan. Electronic address: fuyuki1_abe@pref.shizuoka.lg.jp.
³ Laboratory of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan. Electronic address: hossain.farzana@shizuoka.ac.jp.
⁴ Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan. Electronic address: fahmida.nasrin.17@shizuoka.ac.jp.
⁵ Research Institute of Electronics, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan. Electronic address: yamazaki.masahito@shizuoka.ac.jp.
⁶ Department of Infectious Diseases, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Higashi-ku, Handa-yama, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan. Electronic address: tesuzuki@hama-med.ac.jp.
⁷ Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan; Laboratory of Biotechnology, Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan. Electronic address: park.enoch@shizuoka.ac.jp.

PMID: 34403935
DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113540

Abstract

Synergistic dual-mode optical platforms are up-and-coming detection tools in the diagnosis and management of infectious diseases. Here, novel dual-modality fluorescence (FL) and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) techniques have been integrated into a single probe for the rapid and ultrasensitive detection of norovirus (NoV). The developed FL-SER-based biosensor relies on the dual-signal enhancements of newly synthesized sulfur-doped agar-derived carbon dots (S-agCDs). The antigen-antibody immunoreaction results in forming a core-satellite immunocomplex between anti-NoV antibody-conjugated S-agCDs and polydopamine-functionalized magnetic silver nanocubes [poly (dop)-MNPs-Ag NCs]. By deploying an immunomagnetic enrichment protocol and performing the SERS modality on a single-layer graphene substrate, norovirus-like particles (NoV-LPs) were detected across a wide range of 1 fg mL^-1 - 10 ng mL^-1 with an excellent limit of detection of 0.1 fg mL^-1. The combined advantage of the dual-signaling properties of the biosensor was demonstrated using FL confocal imaging for "hotspots" tracking prior to SERS detection of clinical NoV in fecal specimen down to ⁓10 RNA copies mL^-1. The proposed dual-modality biosensor's performance increases the prospect of a rapid and low-cost sensitive NoV detection and surveillance option for public health.

Keywords: Carbon-dots; Dual-modality; Fluorescence-SERS; Immunocomplex; Magnetoplasmonic-Ag-nanocubes; Norovirus.

MeSH terms

Biosensing Techniques*
Carbon
Indoles
Limit of Detection
Magnetic Phenomena
Metal Nanoparticles*
Norovirus*
Polymers
Silver
Spectrum Analysis, Raman
Sulfur

Substances

Indoles
Polymers
polydopamine
Silver
Sulfur
Carbon