Introduction: Green tea is associated with decreased risk for cardiovascular disease and stroke. Matcha is a special kind of powdered green tea known for its use in the Japanese tea ceremony. Due to its influence on lipoprotein parameters, it has been postulated to exert antiatherogenic effects. This study investigates whether it modulates the high-density lipoprotein (HDL) function and thereby influences the atherogenic process in an animal model with a strong influence on humans' situation.
Methods and results: After a pretreatment phase based on a standard diet, 10 female New Zealand White (NZW) rabbits are fed a high-fat diet for 20 weeks. The treatment group is additionally administered 1% matcha during the whole experiment. Long-term matcha treatment leads to lowered HDL cholesterol, impaired cholesterol transport manifested by reduced in vitro cholesterol efflux capacity, reduced cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP)-mediated cholesterol ester (CE) transfer between HDL and triglyceride-rich particles, and reduced macrophage-specific in vivo transfer, where ian increased absorption of cholesterol in the liver but a decreased secretion into bile is observed. Pulse wave velocity, assessed by nuclear magnetic resonance, is increased in matcha-treated animals, and a similar trend is observed for atherosclerotic lesion formation.
Conclusion: Long-term matcha green tea treatment of hypercholesterolemic rabbits cause impaired reverse cholesterol transport and increased vascular stiffness, and susceptibility for atherosclerotic lesion development.
Keywords: HDL mediated cholesterol efflux capacity; New Zealand White rabbits; atherosclerosis; cholesterol ester transfer protein; in vivo reverse cholesterol transport; matcha green tea; pulse wave velocity.
© 2021 The Authors. Molecular Nutrition & Food Research published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.