Low-carb Diet in Hospitalized Late Pubertal Type 1 Diabetic Girls: A Short-Term CGM Study

Nefise Aribas Öz; Ilknur Arslanoglu; Sengül Cangür; Semih Bolu; Kenan Kocabay

doi:10.4103/ijem.ijem_176_21

Low-carb Diet in Hospitalized Late Pubertal Type 1 Diabetic Girls: A Short-Term CGM Study

Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2021 Jan-Feb;25(1):31-37. doi: 10.4103/ijem.ijem_176_21. Epub 2021 Jul 21.

Authors

Nefise Aribas Öz^{1

2}, Ilknur Arslanoglu³, Sengül Cangür⁴, Semih Bolu^{3

5}, Kenan Kocabay¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Duzce University, Konuralp, Duzce, Turkey.
² Department of Pediatric Neurology, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
³ Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Duzce University, Konuralp, Duzce, Turkey.
⁴ Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Duzce University, Konuralp, Duzce, Turkey.
⁵ Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Adiyaman University, Adiyaman, Turkey.

Abstract

Objective: We conducted the present study to observe potential short-term benefits or risks of low-carb diet (LCD).

Methods: This is a prospective randomized cross-over study. Type 1 diabetic girls were hospitalized in ternary groups for 7 days and each group randomly started with LCD or regular diet. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) was performed between 0 and 168 h.

Results: Twenty-eight subjects completed the study. Total energy, protein, and fat consumption were high (P < 0.001); carbohydrate consumption and rapidly acting insulin dose were low (P < 0.001 and P = 0.002, respectively) during LCD. Morning postprandial, noon postprandial, and evening preprandial capillary blood sugar levels were lower during LCD (P = 0.013, 0.018, and 0.048, respectively).

Conclusion: LCD may have the advantage of better glycemic control despite lower insulin dose which is a favorable outcome with regard to weight control and atherosclerosis prevention. No adverse events were observed.

Keywords: Continuous glucose monitoring; diet; low carbohydrate; puberty; type 1 diabetes.