Investigational Drug Treatments for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

Christos Damaskos; Nikolaos Garmpis; Anna Garmpi; Konstantinos Nikolettos; Panagiotis Sarantis; Vasiliki E Georgakopoulou; Afroditi Nonni; Dimitrios Schizas; Efstathios A Antoniou; Michalis V Karamouzis; Nikos Nikolettos; Konstantinos Kontzoglou; Alexandros Patsouras; Errika Voutyritsa; Athanasios Syllaios; Evangelos Koustas; Nikolaos Trakas; Dimitrios Dimitroulis

doi:10.3390/jpm11070652

Investigational Drug Treatments for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

J Pers Med. 2021 Jul 10;11(7):652. doi: 10.3390/jpm11070652.

Authors

Christos Damaskos^{1

2}, Nikolaos Garmpis^{2

3}, Anna Garmpi⁴, Konstantinos Nikolettos², Panagiotis Sarantis⁵, Vasiliki E Georgakopoulou⁶, Afroditi Nonni⁷, Dimitrios Schizas⁸, Efstathios A Antoniou^{2

3}, Michalis V Karamouzis⁵, Nikos Nikolettos⁹, Konstantinos Kontzoglou^{2

3}, Alexandros Patsouras², Errika Voutyritsa², Athanasios Syllaios⁸, Evangelos Koustas⁵, Nikolaos Trakas¹⁰, Dimitrios Dimitroulis³

Affiliations

¹ Renal Transplantation Unit, Laiko General Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece.
² N.S. Christeas Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece.
³ Second Department of Propedeutic Surgery, Laiko General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece.
⁴ First Department of Propedeutic Internal Medicine, Laiko General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece.
⁵ Molecular Oncology Unit, Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece.
⁶ Department of Pulmonology, Laiko General Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece.
⁷ First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece.
⁸ First Department of Surgery, Laiko General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece.
⁹ Obstetric-Gynecologic Clinic, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece.
¹⁰ Department of Biochemistry, Sismanogleio Hospital, 15126 Athens, Greece.

Abstract

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer (BC) and accounts for 10-20% of cases. Due to the lack of expression of several receptors, hormone therapy is largely ineffective for treatment purposes. Nevertheless, TNBC often responds very well to chemotherapy, which constitutes the most often recommended treatment. New beneficial targeted therapies are important to be investigated in order to achieve enhanced outcomes in patients with TNBC. This review will focus on recent therapeutic innovations for TNBC, focusing on various inhibitors such as phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway inhibitors, poly-ADP-ribosyl polymerase (PARP) inhibitors, aurora kinase inhibitors, histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACIs), and immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Keywords: PARP inhibitors; PI3kb/mTOR inhibitors; histone deacetylase inhibitors; immunotherapy; novel therapeutic strategies; targeted therapies.

Publication types

Review