Plasma Renin Activity Predicts Prognosis and Liver Disease-Related Events in Liver Cirrhosis Patients with Ascites Treated by Tolvaptan

Dig Dis. 2022;40(4):479-488. doi: 10.1159/000518099. Epub 2021 Jul 30.

Abstract

Background and aims: A retrospective study was to analyze the association of plasma renin activity (PRA) with overall survival and liver disease-related events in decompensated liver cirrhosis with ascites treated by tolvaptan.

Methods: We included 196 patients with decompensated cirrhosis treated with tolvaptan and for whom hepatic ascites had remained uncontrolled by conventional diuretics. Factors associated with prognosis and appearance of liver disease-related events were investigated, including vasopressin, sympathetic nervous system hormones (adrenaline, noradrenaline, and dopamine), and the renin-angiotensin system (PRA and aldosterone) at the beginning of tolvaptan treatment.

Results: Age, history of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and PRA were identified as independent factors for prognosis after tolvaptan treatment. The median survival time in patients with PRA ≥9.5 ng/mL/h at the beginning of tolvaptan treatment was significantly shorter than in patients with PRA <9.5 ng/mL/h (193 vs. 893 days, p < 0.001). PRA and a history of HCC were independent factors for the occurrence of liver disease-related events. The median event-free period in patients with PRA ≥3.2 ng/mL/h was significantly shorter than that of patients with PRA <3.2 ng/mL/h (89 vs. 222 days, p < 0.001).

Conclusions: PRA is an independent predictor of prognosis and appearance of liver disease-related events in patients with decompensated cirrhosis who have started tolvaptan treatment.

Keywords: Ascites; Catecholamine; Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system; Tolvaptan; V2-receptor antagonists.

MeSH terms

  • Ascites / drug therapy
  • Ascites / etiology
  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* / complications
  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* / drug therapy
  • Humans
  • Liver Cirrhosis / complications
  • Liver Cirrhosis / drug therapy
  • Liver Neoplasms* / complications
  • Liver Neoplasms* / drug therapy
  • Prognosis
  • Renin
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Tolvaptan / therapeutic use

Substances

  • Tolvaptan
  • Renin