Breast cancer subtypes affect the ultrasound performance for axillary lymph node status evaluation after neoadjuvant chemotherapy: a retrospective analysis

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of breast cancer subtypes on the diagnostic value of axillary ultrasound for node status evaluation after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Patients and methods: Pathologic node-positive breast cancer patients underwent axillary ultrasound imaging after neoadjuvant chemotherapy were retrospectively reviewed. The enrolled patients were classified into four subtypes: Luminal A, Luminal B, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-enriched and triple-negative. Ultrasound images of axillary nodes were reviewed and were evaluated as normal or abnormal and were associated with final pathologic results. Diagnostic value of axillary ultrasound was assessed in four subtypes based on sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value. The diagnostic value of axillary ultrasound as well as clinical and pathological characteristics was compared between four breast cancer subtypes using chi-square test or fisher's exact test.

Result: Luminal A subtype had highest positive predictive value (92.1%), lowest sensitivity (43.8%) and lowest negative predictive value (11.8%). Triple-negative subtype had lowest positive predictive value (73.2%), highest sensitivity (76.9%) and highest negative predictive value (59.1%) (P < 0.05). Luminal B and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-enriched subtypes had medium sensitivity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value.

Conclusion: The diagnostic value of axillary ultrasound for node residue disease assessment after neoadjuvant chemotherapy is different between four breast cancer subtypes.

Keywords: axillary ultrasound; breast cancer; molecular subtype; neoadjuvant chemotherapy.