Researchhas shown that posttraumatic reactions can co-occur in trauma-exposed individuals. Many studies have assessed the co-occurring patterns of two types of reactions, but few have assessed the patterns of multiple reactions. To build on existing knowledge, the present study examined co-occurring patterns of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, depressive symptoms, and posttraumatic growth (PTG) among adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants (N = 683) were adolescents selected from an area in China severely affected by COVID-19 who completed the PTSD Checklist, a measure of depression, a PTG inventory, and a cognitive emotional regulation questionnaire. Latent profile analysis and multinomial logistic regression were used for the data analyses. The results showed three heterogeneous patterns characterized by growth (n = 248, 36.3%), distress (n = 101, 14.8%), and struggle (n = 334, 48.9%). Positive refocusing and reappraisal were associated with membership in the growth group compared with distress group, OR = 0.83, 95% CI [0.75, 0.93] and OR = 0.78, 95% CI [0.68, 0.90], whereas rumination, catastrophizing, and "putting into perspective" were associated with membership in the distress group compared with growth group, ORs = 1.15-1.44. These findings suggest that posttraumatic reactions show heterogeneous characteristics: struggle, rather than growth or distress, is common among adolescents during COVID-19; and distinct cognitive emotional regulation strategies have distinguishing roles in the three patterns of posttraumatic reactions.
Traditional and Simplified Chinese Abstracts by the Asian Society for Traumatic Stress Studies (AsianSTSS)
簡體及繁體中文撮要由亞洲創傷心理研究學會翻譯
Traditional Chinese
新冠肺炎爆發期間青少年創傷後壓力症、抑鬱及創傷後成長的潛在模式
摘要
研究表明, 創傷後的反應可以同時出現在受到創傷的人身上。許多研究評估了兩種反應的共存模式, 但很少評估多種反應的模式。在現有知識的基礎上, 本研究考察了新冠肺炎爆發期間青少年中創傷後壓力 (PTSD) 症狀、抑鬱症狀及創傷後成長 (PTG) 的共同發生模式。研究對象(N = 683)來自中國受新冠肺炎影響嚴重的地區, 他們完成了創傷後壓力症 (PTSD) 檢查表、抑鬱量表、PTG量表及認知情緒調節問卷。數據分析採用了潛勢分析及多叉邏輯回歸。結果顯示了三種異質模式, 其特點是成長 (n = 248, 36.3%) 、痛苦 (n = 101, 14.8%) 及掙扎 (n = 334, 48.9%) 。與痛苦組相比, 積極的重新聚焦及重新評價與成長組成員相關, OR = 0.83, 95%CI[0.75, 0.93]及OR = 0.78, 95%CI[0.68, 0.90], 而與成長組相比, 反芻、災難化及 “將心比心 ”與痛苦組成員相關, ORs = 1.15‐1.44。這些發現表明, 創傷後反應顯示出異質性的特點:在新冠肺炎期間, 掙扎, 而不是成長或痛苦, 在青少年中很常見;不同的認知情緒調節策略在三種創傷後反應模式中具有不同的作用。
Simplified Chinese
新冠肺炎爆发期间青少年创伤后压力症、抑郁及创伤后成长的潜在模式
摘要
研究表明, 创伤后的反应可以同时出现在受到创伤的人身上。许多研究评估了两种反应的共存模式, 但很少评估多种反应的模式。在现有知识的基础上, 本研究考察了新冠肺炎爆发期间青少年中创伤后压力 (PTSD) 症状、抑郁症状及创伤后成长 (PTG) 的共同发生模式。研究对象(N = 683)来自中国受新冠肺炎影响严重的地区, 他们完成了创伤后压力症 (PTSD) 检查表、抑郁量表、PTG量表及认知情绪调节问卷。数据分析采用了潜势分析及多叉逻辑回归。结果显示了三种异质模式, 其特点是成长 (n = 248, 36.3%) 、痛苦 (n = 101, 14.8%) 及挣扎 (n = 334, 48.9%) 。与痛苦组相比, 积极的重新聚焦及重新评价与成长组成员相关, OR = 0.83, 95%CI[0.75, 0.93]及OR = 0.78, 95%CI[0.68, 0.90], 而与成长组相比, 反刍、灾难化及 “将心比心 ”与痛苦组成员相关, ORs = 1.15‐1.44。这些发现表明, 创伤后反应显示出异质性的特点:在新冠肺炎期间, 挣扎, 而不是成长或痛苦, 在青少年中很常见;不同的认知情绪调节策略在三种创伤后反应模式中具有不同的作用。
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