The effects of resistance training on children with burns: a meta-analysis

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate effectiveness and safety of resistance training (RT). Data were retrieved from Medline, EMBASE, PubMed, CINAHL and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (Central) databases from inception to April 2020. Quantitative studies on RT for muscle strength, lean body mass, cardiopulmonary function, metabolism, quality of life, and pain in burned children were included in this study. Twelve RCTs (379 patients) were identified. Meta-analysis showed RT significant increase in muscle strength [SMD = 2.18, 95% CI (0.79, 3.56), p = 0.002]. However, training showed no significant effect on muscle endurance [MD = 10.00, 95% CI (- 0.22, 20.22), p = 0.06]. Notably, training significantly increases total lean body mass [MD = 2.10, 95% CI (1.28, 2.92), p < 0.001]. In addition, training significantly increased leg lean body mass [MD = 2.10, 95% CI (1.28, 2.92), p < 0.001]. Moreover, training significantly increased VO₂peak [MD = 5.83, 95% CI (3.52, 8.13), p < 0.001]. Meta-analysis showed that training significantly increases gait parameters, including stride length, step length, velocity and cadence. Furthermore, training significantly increased explosive capacity of lower limb muscles (p < 0.001). Meta-analysis of 6-min walking test results showed that training significantly improves walking speed (p = 0.0008). Notably, all studies showed unclear or high risk of bias; whereas, quality of the evidence was moderate or low. Analysis showed that RT significantly improves clinical outcomes. However, more high-quality, double-blind, randomized control trials should be performed to explore the effects of RT to ensure successful implementation in rehabilitation.

Keywords: Burn; Children; Meta-analysis; Rehabilitation; Resistance training.