The identification of ecological sources and corridors plays an important role in the construction of ecological security pattern. However, previous studies mainly concentrated on the optimal path selection of species migration and diffusion rather than the random path selection of the species, which makes most conclusions fail to objectively reveal the process of species migration and diffusion. Taking the downtown area of Hengyang City as an example, we selected the ecological sources and ecological corridors with the habitat quality analysis module of InVEST and Circuitscape 4.0 and evaluated the importance and connectivity of relevant ecological elements with the Linkage Mapper, with the aim to construct the ecological security pattern and delimitate the regions prior to ecological restoration. The results showed that there were 85 ecological sources dominated by woodland and grassland, together with a small number of ponds and beaches, which mainly distributed in the southwest of Zhengxiang District, the west of Yanfeng District, the northeast and south central of Zhuhui District, with a total area of 11.8 km2. There were 60 ecological sources with centrality greater than 100, accounting for 70.6% of the total. There were 217 ecological corridors and five potential ecological corridors mainly composed of forest land, among which the proportion of shrubbery and sparse forest land was higher. The corridors with higher importance were mainly distributed in the west of the studied area. After removing the barriers, the regional connectivity had been significantly improved, with the highest extent of 54.9%. The priority areas of ecological restoration were classified into three levels according to the value of cumulative current, namely, the high-grade area, the middle-grade area and the low-grade area. The high-grade area covered 4.3 km2 of barriers, mainly distributed in the southwest of Zhengxiang District, northeast and south central of Zhuhui District. The middle-grade area was dominated by pinch area and ecological source area with centrality less than 100, covering an area of about 12.9 km2, mainly distributed in the central part of Zhengxiang District, northeast and south central of Zhuhui District. The low-level area was mainly distributed in south central of Zhuhui District, with 51.8 km2 of residual ecological sources. By coupling InVEST habitat quality analysis module and circuit theory, the ecological security pattern for biological protection was constructed, which provides scientific reference for biological protection.
生态源地与廊道识别是生态安全格局构建的重要环节,以往研究较多关注物种迁移和扩散最优路径的选择,忽略了物种对路径选择的随机性,致使其结论未能客观地反映物种迁移和扩散过程。以衡阳市主城区为研究对象,利用InVEST模型生境质量分析模块结合Circuitscape 4.0筛选生态源地、生态廊道,继而通过Linkage Mapper评估相关生态要素重要性及连通性,构建生态安全格局并划定生态修复优先区域。结果表明: 研究区生态源地共有85处,以林地和草地为主,少量为坑塘和滩地,主要分布在蒸湘区西南部、雁峰区西部、珠晖区东北部和中南部,总面积为11.8 km2,其中,中心度大于100的生态源地有60处,占比70.6%。生态廊道有217条,潜在生态廊道有5条,主要由林地组成,其中,灌木林和疏林地比例最高,重要性较高的廊道主要分布在研究区西部,清除障碍点后,区域连通性得到明显改善,幅度最高为54.9%。根据累计电流值的提升程度,将生态修复优先区域分为3级:高级区主要涵盖4.3 km2的障碍点区域,主要分布在蒸湘区西南部、珠晖区东北部和中南部;中级区以夹点区域和中心度小于100的生态源地为主,面积为12.9 km2,主要分布在蒸湘区中部、珠晖区东北部和中南部;低级区包括51.8 km2的剩余生态源地,主要分布在珠晖区中南部。本研究通过耦合InVEST模型生境质量分析模块和电路理论构建了面向生物保护的生态安全格局,可为生物保护实践提供科学参考。.
Keywords: InVEST model; circuit theory; ecological security pattern; landscape connectivity.