Objective: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most common cardiac arrhythmias and a major predictor of morbidity and mortality. AF is a polygenic and polyetiological disease. In various ethnic groups, the strongest and most independent relationship with the development of AF was found with the 4q25 locus, where the ATFB5 gene is located. An analysis of the literature data showed that the carriage of the TT genotype of the rs2200733 ATFB5 gene polymorphism is the most unfavorable genotype for the development of AF. The purpose of the study was to identify the prevalence of genotypes and alleles of the rs2200733 polymorphism of the ATFB5 gene in Uzbek patients with AF.
Methods: The study included 69 Uzbek patients with paroxysmal (n=20) and persistent AF (n=49). The control group (n=30) was composed of Uzbek patients without AF. Genotyping for the carriage of allelic variants of the rs2200733 polymorphism of the ATFB5 gene was performed using the Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. The distribution of the C and T alleles and the CC, CT, and TT genotypes of the rs2200733 polymorphism of the ATFB5 gene in patients with AF and controls were compared.
Results: After genotyping 69 patients with AF, the following distribution of the ATFB5 gene polymorphism rs2200733 was revealed: the CC genotype was detected in 35 (50.72%) patients, the CT genotype in 25 (36.23%) patients, and the TT genotype in 9 (13.05%) patients (p<0.001, χ²=22.435). Moreover, the C allele was detected in 95 (68.8%) patients, and the T allele was detected in 43 (31.2%) patients (p<0.001, χ²=37.696). The distribution of genotypes in the control group was as follows: the CC genotype was detected in 17 individuals (56.7%), the CT genotype was detected in 12 individuals (40%), and the TT genotype was detected in 1 individual (3.3%) (p<0.001, χ²=20.100). Moreover, the C allele was detected in 46 (76.7%) patients, and the T allele was detected in 14 (23.3%) patients (p<0.001, χ²=32.033). The TT genotype of the ATFB5 gene was found to be significantly more prevalent in patients with AF than in controls (13.1% vs 3.3%, p=0.0001).
Conclusion: The TT genotype of the rs2200733 polymorphism of the ATFB5 gene was found to be significantly more prevalent in Uzbek patients with AF than in controls.