Anticancer mechanisms of phytochemical compounds: focusing on epigenetic targets

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2021 Sep;28(35):47869-47903. doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-15594-8. Epub 2021 Jul 26.

Abstract

It has recently been proven that epigenetic dysregulation is importantly involved in cell transformation and therefore induces cancerous diseases. The development of molecules called epidrugs, which target specifically different epigenetic modifications to restore cellular memory and therefore the treatment, became a real challenge currently. Currently, bioactive compounds of medicinal plants as epidrugs have been can identified and explored in cancer therapy. Indeed, these molecules can target specifically different epigenetic modulators including DNMT, HDAC, HAT, and HMT. Moreover, some compounds exhibit stochastic epigenetic actions on different pathways regulating cell memory. In this work, pharmacodynamic actions of natural epidrugs belonging to cannabinoids, carotenoids, chalcones, fatty acids, lignans, polysaccharides, saponins, secoiridoids, steroids, tannins, tanshinones, and other chemical classes we reported and highlighted. In this review, the effects of several natural bioactive compounds of epigenetic medications on cancerous diseases were highlighted. Numerous active molecules belonging to different chemical classes such as cannabinoids, carotenoids, fatty acids, lignans, polysaccharides, saponins, secoiridoids, steroids, tannins, and tanshinones are discussed in this review.

Keywords: Cannabinoids; Carotenoids; Chalcones; Epidrugs; Epigenetic, Cancer.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Epigenesis, Genetic
  • Humans
  • Lignans*
  • Neoplasms*
  • Phytochemicals / pharmacology
  • Plants, Medicinal*

Substances

  • Lignans
  • Phytochemicals